【MySQL】CentOS7实现MySQL读写分离环境搭建

基础环境

四台已安装MySQL服务或者MariaDB的CentOS虚拟机，安装请参考CentOS7安装MySQL数据库及MariaDB，主机及ip如下所示

主机	IP地址
CentOS(主机)	192.168.239.136
CentOSA(从机A)	192.168.239.137
CentOSB(从机B)	192.168.239.138
CentOSC(从机C)	192.168.239.139

数据库主从搭建

主机Master配置

①修改主机CentOS下的/etc/my.cnf文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

#server-id必须唯一
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-do-db=dora
binlog-do-db=yddm
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=test
expire_logs_days=10
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1

# 不需要修改以下内容
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

②重启MySQL服务

[root@CentOS ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

③登录MySQL主机查看状态

[root@CentOS ~]# mysql -u root -proot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
            File: mysql-bin.000001
        Position: 106
    Binlog_Do_DB: dora,yddm
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,test
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Slave 配置

① 修改CentOSA/B/C三台从机的/etc/my.cnf文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

# server-id 需唯一
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
replicate-do-db=dora
replicate-do-db=yddm
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=test
expire_logs_days=10
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=2

# 不需要修改以下内容
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

③ 重启MySQL服务

[root@CentOS ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

④ MySQL配置从机，在从机上配置

[root@CentOS ~]# mysql -uroot -proot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 关闭slave节点
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

# 设置主节点
mysql> change master to master_host='主机IP',master_user='root',master_password='root',master_log_file='主机的File',master_log_pos=主机的Position;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

# 开启slave节点
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

# 查看slave节点状态
# 看到Slave_IO_Running及Slave_SQL_Running为Yes即代表成功配置
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: CentOSB
                  Master_User: root
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 251
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: dora,yddm
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,test
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
              Relay_Log_Space: 407
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)