RecyclerView编写聊天页面

一、编写主界面

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recyclerview_2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/chat_editText_1"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:hint="Type somethong here"
            android:maxLines="2" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/chat_button_1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Send"/>

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

关于：android:layout_height=“0dp”

按比例显示LinearLayout内各个子控件，需设置android:layout_width=“0dp”，如果为竖直方向的设置android:layout_height=“0dp”。在这种情况下某子个控件占用LinearLayout的比例为：本控件weight值 / LinearLayout内所有控件的weight值的和。

二、自定义实体类

package com.example.activitytest.Chat_interface;


//自定义实体类msg，content表示消息内容，type表示消息类型。
// 其中消息类型有两个值可以选：
// TYPEE_RECEIVED表示这是一条收到的消息，
// TYPE_SENT表示这是一条发出的消息
public class Msg {
    public static final int TYPEE_RECEIVED=0;
    public static final int TYPE_SENT=1;
    private String content;
    private int type;

    public Msg(String content, int type)
    {
        this.content=content;
        this.type=type;
    }
    public String getContent()
    {
        return content;
    }
    public int getType()
    {
        return type;
    }
}

三、编写RecyclerView子项布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:padding="10dp" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/left_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:background="@drawable/message_left" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/left_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:textColor="#fff" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/right_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="right"
        android:background="@drawable/message_right" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/right_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp" />

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

四、创建RecyclerView的适配器类

public class MsgAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MsgAdapter.MyViewHolder> {
    public  List<Msg> msgList;

    public static class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
        LinearLayout leftLayout;
        LinearLayout rightLayout;
        TextView leftMsg,rightMsg;

        public MyViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            leftLayout=(LinearLayout)itemView.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);
            rightLayout=(LinearLayout)itemView.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);
            leftMsg=(TextView)itemView.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);
            rightMsg=(TextView)itemView.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);
        }
    }

    public MsgAdapter(List<Msg> data){ //构造函数
        msgList=data;
    }

    @Override
    public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view= LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.msg_item,parent,false);
        return new MyViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull MyViewHolder holder, int position) { //替换视图内容

        Msg msg=msgList.get(position);
        if (msg.getType()==Msg.TYPEE_RECEIVED)
        {
            //如果收到的消息，则显示左边的消息布局，将右边的消息布局隐藏
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            holder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        }
        else if(msg.getType()==Msg.TYPE_SENT)
        {
            //如果是发出的消息，则显示右边的消息布局，将左边的消息布局隐藏
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            holder.rightMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return msgList.size();
    }
}

五、编写活动代码

public class MsgRecyclerViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Msg> msgList=new ArrayList<>();
    private EditText inputText;
    private Button send;
    private RecyclerView msgRecyclerView;
    private MsgAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.chat_interface_item);

        initMsgs();
        inputText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.chat_editText_1);
        send=(Button)findViewById(R.id.chat_button_1);
        msgRecyclerView=(RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recyclerview_2);

        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        msgRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        adapter=new MsgAdapter(msgList);
        msgRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String content=inputText.getText().toString();
                if(!"".contentEquals(content)) //判断内容是否为空
                {
                    Msg msg=new Msg(content,Msg.TYPE_SENT);
                    msgList.add(msg);
                    adapter.notifyItemInserted(msgList.size()-1);//当有新消息时，刷新RecyclerView中的显示
                    msgRecyclerView.scrollToPosition(msgList.size()-1); //将RecyclerView定位到最后一行
                    inputText.setText("");//清空输入框中的内容
                }
            }
        });
    }

    public void initMsgs()
    {
        Msg msg1=new Msg("Hello guy.",Msg.TYPEE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg1);
        Msg msg2=new Msg("Hello,who is what?.",Msg.TYPE_SENT);
        msgList.add(msg2);
        Msg msg3=new Msg("This is you father!.",Msg.TYPEE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg3);
    }
}

六、效果图