Netty 学习 (二、服务器与客户端的通信)

1.首先创建NettyServer的主类

创建一个EventLoopGroup BossGroup用于处理连接，一个工作组 管理任务

package com.ccw.qhj.netty;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

/**
 * @version 1.0
 * @projectName:com.ccw.qhj.netty
 * @packageName:pratice
 * @className:NettyServer
 * @Description:[一句话描述该类的功能]
 * @Author:qhj
 * @CreateDate:2021/4/25 17:15
 * @blog:[方法具体上行/下行参数文档]
 */
public class NettyServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
        bootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup)   //设置俩个线程租，boss 线程组只做 连接处理，work做业务处理
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) //使用 NioServerSocket 作为服务器通道实现
                .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,128)  //设置线程队列得到得连接个数
                .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                    @Override
                    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                        socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new NettyServerHandller());
                    }
                });
        ChannelFuture cf = bootstrap.bind(6666).sync();
        cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();


    }

}

2、创建一个自定义Handller处理 客户端操作

package com.ccw.qhj.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;


/**
 * @version 1.0
 * @projectName:com.ccw.qhj.netty
 * @packageName:pratice
 * @className:NettyServerHandller
 * @Description:[一句话描述该类的功能]
 * @Author:qhj
 * @CreateDate:2021/4/25 17:15
 * @blog:[方法具体上行/下行参数文档]
 */
public class NettyServerHandller extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf byteBuf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        System.out.println("server ctx = "+ctx);
        System.out.println("客户端发送得信息是："+byteBuf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        System.out.println("客户端地址："+ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
    }
    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello:客户端", CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.channel().close();
    }
}

3、创建一个服务端的主类

只需要创建一个连接的工作组，管理连接即可

package com.ccw.qhj.netty;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

/**
 * @version 1.0
 * @projectName:com.ccw.qhj.netty
 * @packageName:pratice
 * @className:NettyClient
 * @Description:[一句话描述该类的功能]
 * @Author:qhj
 * @CreateDate:2021/4/25 17:15
 * @blog:[方法具体上行/下行参数文档]
 */
public class NettyClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

          EventLoopGroup eventExecutors = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try { Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
          bootstrap.group(eventExecutors)
                  .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                  .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                      @Override
                      protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                          socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new NettyClientHandller());
                      }
                  });
          System.out.println("客户端OK！");
          ChannelFuture cf = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 6666).sync();
          cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
      }finally {
          eventExecutors.shutdownGracefully();
      }


    }
}

4、创建客户端自定义handller 处理事件

package com.ccw.qhj.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

/**
 * @version 1.0
 * @projectName:com.ccw.qhj.netty
 * @packageName:pratice
 * @className:NettyClientHandller
 * @Description:[一句话描述该类的功能]
 * @Author:qhj
 * @CreateDate:2021/4/25 17:16
 * @blog:[方法具体上行/下行参数文档]
 */
public class NettyClientHandller extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("客户端+"+ctx);
        ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello:server,this client", CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf byteBuf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        System.out.println("服务器端发送："+byteBuf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        System.out.println("服务端地址："+ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
    }
}

5、基本思路

1. 读写逻辑处理均是启动阶段通过给逻辑处理链Pipeline添加逻辑处理器实现连接数据的读写逻辑。
2. 客户端连接成功回调逻辑处理器的channelActive()方法
3. 客户端和服务端接收到对方的数据回调用各自逻辑处理器的channelRead()方法。
4. 客户端和服务端向对方写数据调用writeAndFlush()方法
5. 客户端和服务端交互的二进制数据传输载体为ByteBuf