VTK继承QVTKOpenGLWidget后，运行时出现黑屏不显示的问题

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已于 2023-02-19 23:13:19 修改

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分类专栏： VTK C++ 文章标签： ui qt 开发语言

于 2023-02-19 23:08:22 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44963039/article/details/129112765

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VTK继承QVTKOpenGLWidget后，运行时出现黑屏不显示的问题

以下就是具体的一些情况：
- VTK8.1以前的版本
- VTK8.1以后的版本

以下就是具体的一些情况：

VTK8.1以前的版本

VTK的版本一直在更新，8.1以前的代码在QT里一直用的都是QVTKWidget，这个类可以直接当控件来使用，关于他的显示所需要的其它类，renderWindow，和 render，包括交互所用到的interactor等，在界面初始化期间把这些工作都做完，界面就可以得到我们想要的。

给大家贴一块官方四视图例子的构造函数代码：

ui->view1/2/3/4 则是ui上提升的控件QVTKOpenGlWidget

QtVTKRenderWindows::QtVTKRenderWindows( int vtkNotUsed(argc), char *argv[])
{
  this->ui = new Ui_QtVTKRenderWindows;
  this->ui->setupUi(this);

  vtkSmartPointer< vtkDICOMImageReader > reader =
    vtkSmartPointer< vtkDICOMImageReader >::New();
  reader->SetDirectoryName(argv[1]);
  reader->Update();
  int imageDims[3];
  reader->GetOutput()->GetDimensions(imageDims);


  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
  {
    riw[i] = vtkSmartPointer< vtkResliceImageViewer >::New();
    vtkNew<vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow> renderWindow;
    riw[i]->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
  }

  this->ui->view1->SetRenderWindow(riw[0]->GetRenderWindow());
  riw[0]->SetupInteractor(
      this->ui->view1->GetRenderWindow()->GetInteractor());

  this->ui->view2->SetRenderWindow(riw[1]->GetRenderWindow());
  riw[1]->SetupInteractor(
      this->ui->view2->GetRenderWindow()->GetInteractor());

  this->ui->view3->SetRenderWindow(riw[2]->GetRenderWindow());
  riw[2]->SetupInteractor(
      this->ui->view3->GetRenderWindow()->GetInteractor());

  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
  {
    // make them all share the same reslice cursor object.
    vtkResliceCursorLineRepresentation *rep =
      vtkResliceCursorLineRepresentation::SafeDownCast(
          riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget()->GetRepresentation());
    riw[i]->SetResliceCursor(riw[0]->GetResliceCursor());

    rep->GetResliceCursorActor()->
      GetCursorAlgorithm()->SetReslicePlaneNormal(i);

    riw[i]->SetInputData(reader->GetOutput());
    riw[i]->SetSliceOrientation(i);
    riw[i]->SetResliceModeToAxisAligned();
  }

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkCellPicker> picker =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkCellPicker>::New();
  picker->SetTolerance(0.005);

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkProperty> ipwProp =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkProperty>::New();

  vtkSmartPointer< vtkRenderer > ren =
    vtkSmartPointer< vtkRenderer >::New();

  vtkNew<vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow> renderWindow;
  this->ui->view4->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
  this->ui->view4->GetRenderWindow()->AddRenderer(ren);
  vtkRenderWindowInteractor *iren = this->ui->view4->GetInteractor();

  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
  {
    planeWidget[i] = vtkSmartPointer<vtkImagePlaneWidget>::New();
    planeWidget[i]->SetInteractor( iren );
    planeWidget[i]->SetPicker(picker);
    planeWidget[i]->RestrictPlaneToVolumeOn();
    double color[3] = {0, 0, 0};
    color[i] = 1;
    planeWidget[i]->GetPlaneProperty()->SetColor(color);

    color[0] /= 4.0;
    color[1] /= 4.0;
    color[2] /= 4.0;
    riw[i]->GetRenderer()->SetBackground( color );

    planeWidget[i]->SetTexturePlaneProperty(ipwProp);
    planeWidget[i]->TextureInterpolateOff();
    planeWidget[i]->SetResliceInterpolateToLinear();
    planeWidget[i]->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
    planeWidget[i]->SetPlaneOrientation(i);
    planeWidget[i]->SetSliceIndex(imageDims[i]/2);
    planeWidget[i]->DisplayTextOn();
    planeWidget[i]->SetDefaultRenderer(ren);
    planeWidget[i]->SetWindowLevel(1358, -27);
    planeWidget[i]->On();
    planeWidget[i]->InteractionOn();
  }

  vtkSmartPointer<vtkResliceCursorCallback> cbk =
    vtkSmartPointer<vtkResliceCursorCallback>::New();

  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
  {
    cbk->IPW[i] = planeWidget[i];
    cbk->RCW[i] = riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget();
    riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget()->AddObserver(
        vtkResliceCursorWidget::ResliceAxesChangedEvent, cbk );
    riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget()->AddObserver(
        vtkResliceCursorWidget::WindowLevelEvent, cbk );
    riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget()->AddObserver(
        vtkResliceCursorWidget::ResliceThicknessChangedEvent, cbk );
    riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget()->AddObserver(
        vtkResliceCursorWidget::ResetCursorEvent, cbk );
    riw[i]->GetInteractorStyle()->AddObserver(
        vtkCommand::WindowLevelEvent, cbk );

    // Make them all share the same color map.
    riw[i]->SetLookupTable(riw[0]->GetLookupTable());
    planeWidget[i]->GetColorMap()->SetLookupTable(riw[0]->GetLookupTable());
    //planeWidget[i]->GetColorMap()->SetInput(riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget()->GetResliceCursorRepresentation()->GetColorMap()->GetInput());
    planeWidget[i]->SetColorMap(riw[i]->GetResliceCursorWidget()->GetResliceCursorRepresentation()->GetColorMap());

  }

  this->ui->view1->show();
  this->ui->view2->show();
  this->ui->view3->show();

  // Set up action signals and slots
  connect(this->ui->actionExit, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(slotExit()));
  connect(this->ui->resliceModeCheckBox, SIGNAL(stateChanged(int)), this, SLOT(resliceMode(int)));
  connect(this->ui->thickModeCheckBox, SIGNAL(stateChanged(int)), this, SLOT(thickMode(int)));
  this->ui->thickModeCheckBox->setEnabled(0);

  connect(this->ui->radioButton_Max, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(SetBlendModeToMaxIP()));
  connect(this->ui->radioButton_Min, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(SetBlendModeToMinIP()));
  connect(this->ui->radioButton_Mean, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(SetBlendModeToMeanIP()));
  this->ui->blendModeGroupBox->setEnabled(0);

  connect(this->ui->resetButton, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(ResetViews()));
  connect(this->ui->AddDistance1Button, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(AddDistanceMeasurementToView1()));
};

VTK8.1以后的版本

后续版本加入QVTKOpenGLWidget，QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget，而QVTKWidget在9.0往后的版本就不再用了，前边俩个是做了升级的，具体大家可以百度，在使用方面，这俩个可以直接在代码里new，也可以在UI里作为提升控件来使用；
这里QVTKOpenGLWidget 和 QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget都是没有renderwindow的，但是它的GetRenderWindow会自动创建，我们也可以选择手动创建vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow，看一下8.2源码里的实现：

//class QVTKOpenGLWidget;
vtkRenderWindow* QVTKOpenGLWidget::GetRenderWindow()
{
  return this->qVTKOpenGLWindowInternal->GetRenderWindow();
}

//class vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow
vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow* QVTKOpenGLWindow::GetRenderWindow()
{
  if (!this->RenderWindow)
  {
    // create a default vtk window
    vtkNew<vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow> win;
    this->SetRenderWindow(win);
  }
  return this->RenderWindow;
}
///class QVTKOpenGLWindow
void QVTKOpenGLWindow::SetRenderWindow(vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow* w)
{
  // do nothing if we don't have to
  if(w == this->RenderWindow)
  {
    return;
  }

  // unregister previous window
  if(this->RenderWindow)
  {
    this->RenderWindow->Finalize();
    this->RenderWindow->SetReadyForRendering(false);
    this->RenderWindow->SetMapped(0);
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::WindowMakeCurrentEvent,this, SLOT(MakeCurrent()));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::WindowIsCurrentEvent, this, SLOT(IsCurrent(vtkObject*, unsigned long, void*, void*)));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::WindowFrameEvent, this, SLOT(Frame()));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::StartEvent, this, SLOT(Start()));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::EndEvent, this, SLOT(End()));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::WindowIsDirectEvent, this, SLOT(IsDirect(vtkObject*, unsigned long, void*, void*)));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::WindowSupportsOpenGLEvent, this, SLOT(SupportsOpenGL(vtkObject*, unsigned long, void*, void*)));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::WindowStereoTypeChangedEvent, this, SLOT(UpdateStereoType(vtkObject*, unsigned long, void*, void*)));
    this->EventSlotConnector->Disconnect(this->RenderWindow, vtkCommand::WindowResizeEvent, this, SLOT(ResizeToVTKWindow()));
  }

在使用时的样子：

void VTKWidget::InitWidget()
{   
	//注意vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindo
    //_renderWindow = vtkSmartPointer<vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow>::New();

    //this->SetRenderWindow(_renderWindow);

    _render = vtkSmartPointer < vtkRenderer>::New();

    _render->SetBackground(1, 0, 0);

    this->GetRenderWindow()->AddRenderer(_render);

    double pos[3] = { 0,0,0 };

    this->CreatBall(pos);
}

//你也可以写成这样
void VTKWidget::InitWidget()
{        
    _renderWindow = vtkSmartPointer<vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow>::New();

    this->SetRenderWindow(_renderWindow);

    _render = vtkSmartPointer < vtkRenderer>::New();

    _render->SetBackground(1, 0, 0);

    _renderWindow->AddRenderer(_render);

    double pos[3] = { 0,0,0 };

    this->CreatBall(pos);
}