Spring-MVC拦截器入门(六)

介绍&步骤

视频教程: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1WZ4y1P7Bp?p=107
官方笔记链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dnL5hwOPHPMNgb81yzQIOQ
提取码：2022

介绍

比较(拦截器和过滤器)

拦截器方法说明

目录结构

1. 拦截器是快速入门

开发步骤:

1. 导入坐标
2. 创建拦截器类实现HandlerInterceptor接口
3. 配置拦截器 (web.xml前端控制器和spring-mvc.xml)
4. 测试拦截器的拦截效果

1.1 导入坐标

<dependencies>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
         <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
         <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
         <version>3.0.1</version>
         <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>

 </dependencies>

 <build>
     <plugins>
         <!-- tomcat插件 -->
         <plugin>
             <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
             <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
             <version>2.2</version>
         </plugin>
     </plugins>
 </build>

1.2 创建拦截器类实现HandlerInterceptor接口

拦截器1:

MyHandlerInterceptor1

public class MyHandlerInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {

    //目标方法执行之前执行
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("preHandle running.....");
        String param = request.getParameter("param");
        if("yes".equals(param)){
            return true; //表示放行
        }else{
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/error.jsp").forward(request, response);
            return false; //表示拦截
        }
    }

    //目标方法执行之后 视图返回之前
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        modelAndView.addObject("name", "jordan");
        System.out.println("postHandle running.....");
    }

    //视图解析器解析之后执行 最后执行
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("afterCompletion running....");
    }
}

拦截器2:

MyHandlerInterceptor2

public class MyHandlerInterceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor {

    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("preHandle running2222.....");
        return true;
    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("postHandle running2222.....");
    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("afterCompletion running2222....");
    }
}

1.3 文件配置

web.xml 配置前端控制器

<!--  springmvc的前端控制器 不配置前端控制器 输入url路径找不到javaRequestMap的映射路径的 -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

spring-mvc.xml配置静态资源以及解析器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                                ">
    <!--  1. mvc注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--  2. 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--  3.静态资源权限开放  -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!--    4.组件扫描 扫描Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="review.controller"/>

    <!--  拦截器按照配置顺序进行执行  -->
    <!--配置拦截器2-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="review.interceptor.MyHandlerInterceptor2"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

    <!--配置拦截器1-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="review.interceptor.MyHandlerInterceptor1"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>


</beans>

index.jsp的内容

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>hello ${name}</h1>
</body>
</html>

error.jsp的内容

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>error</h1>
</body>
</html>

1.4 配置测试类

访问target资源然后查看拦截器的操作
TargetController

@Controller
public class TargetController {
    @RequestMapping("/target")
    public ModelAndView show(){
        System.out.println("目标资源执行.....");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("name", "itcast");
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

运行结果