介绍&步骤
视频教程: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1WZ4y1P7Bp/?p=186
官方笔记链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dnL5hwOPHPMNgb81yzQIOQ
提取码:2022
目录结构:
1. 准备工作
1.1 导入坐标
<dependencies>
<!--mybatis 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql 驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit 单元测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加slf4j日志api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加logback-classic依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加logback-core依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
1.2 User数据库表和实体类
数据库表 user
drop table if exists user;
create table user(
id int primary key auto_increment,
username varchar(20),
password varchar(20),
birthday bigint
);
insert into user values (null, "zhangsan", "123", null);
insert into user values (null, "lisi", "123", null);
insert into user values (null, "wangwu", "123", null);
select * from user;
数据库表 orders
drop table if exists orders;
create table orders(
id int primary key auto_increment,
ordertime DATE,
total DOUBLE,
uid INT
);
insert into orders VALUES (null, "2022-02-15", 5000, 1);
insert into orders VALUES (null, "2022-01-15", 5000, 1);
insert into orders VALUES (null, "2020-04-15", 580, 2);
insert into orders VALUES (null, "2020-04-15", 6000, 2);
insert into orders VALUES (null, "2022-10-10", 1200, 3);
insert into orders VALUES (null, "2021-06-25", 300, 3);
insert into orders VALUES (null, "2022-06-15", 5000, 1);
select * from orders;
关系库sys_role sys_user_role sys_user表:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`roleName` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`roleDesc` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table `sys_role` */
insert into `sys_role`(`id`,`roleName`,`roleDesc`) values (1,'院长','负责全面工作'),(2,'研究员','课程研发工作'),(3,'讲师','授课工作'),(4,'助教','协助解决学生的问题');
/*Table structure for table `sys_user` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(80) DEFAULT NULL,
`phoneNum` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table `sys_user` */
insert into `sys_user`(`id`,`username`,`email`,`password`,`phoneNum`) values (1,'zhangsan','zhangsan@itcast.cn','123','13888888888'),(2,'lisi','lisi@itcast.cn','123','13999999999'),(3,'wangwu','wangwu@itcast.cn','123','18599999999');
/*Table structure for table `sys_user_role` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (
`userId` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`roleId` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`userId`,`roleId`),
KEY `roleId` (`roleId`),
CONSTRAINT `sys_user_role_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`userId`) REFERENCES `sys_user` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `sys_user_role_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`roleId`) REFERENCES `sys_role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table `sys_user_role` */
insert into `sys_user_role`(`userId`,`roleId`) values (1,1),(1,2),(2,2),(2,3);
User实体类
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date birthday;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
'}';
}
}
1.3 resource下的配置文件
jdbc.properties文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///csdn?useSSL=false&useServerPrepStmts=true
# useSSL 忽略警告信息, userServer 开启PrepareStatement的预编译功能
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
# 初始化连接数量
initialSize=5
# 最大连接数
maxActive=10
# 最大等待时间
maxWait=3000
sqlMapConfig.xml文件 这里注意使用注解一定要使用mapper标签包扫描 不然扫描不到注解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>
<!-- 定义别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.itheima.domain"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- <typeAlias type="com.itheima.domain.User" alias="User"></typeAlias>-->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<!-- 配置文件的路径地址 就是Usermapper的地址 这里要用斜杠 不能用点 -->
<!-- <mapper resource="com/itheima/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>-->
<!-- <-->
<package name="com.itheima.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
log4j.properties文件
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
logback.xml 彩色文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<!--
CONSOLE :表示当前的日志信息是可以输出到控制台的。
-->
<appender name="Console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>[%level] %blue(%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS}) %cyan([%thread]) %boldGreen(%logger{15}) - %msg %n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<logger name="com.itheima" level="DEBUG" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="Console"/>
</logger>
<!--
level:用来设置打印级别,大小写无关:TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, ALL 和 OFF
, 默认debug
<root>可以包含零个或多个<appender-ref>元素,标识这个输出位置将会被本日志级别控制。
-->
<root level="DEBUG">
<appender-ref ref="Console"/>
</root>
</configuration>
1.4 UserMapper接口
com.ithiema.mapper.UserMapper
路径
public interface UserMapper {
@Insert("insert into user values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password}, #{birthday})")
public void save(User user);
@Update("update user set username=#{username}, password=#{password} where id = #{id}")
public void update(User user);
@Delete("delete from user where id = #{id}")
public void delete(int id);
@Select(" select * from user where id = #{id}")
public User findById(int id);
@Select("select * from user;")
List<User> findAll();
}
1.5 简单的测试代码
private UserMapper mapper;
@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
System.out.println("测试方法之前执行.......");
String resource = "sqlMapConfig.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}
@Test
public void testSave(){
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("jijiguowang");
user.setPassword("12456");
// user.setBirthday(new Date());
mapper.save(user);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(13);
user.setUsername("lijingliang");
user.setPassword("123");
mapper.update(user);
}
@Test
public void testDelete(){
mapper.delete(13);
}
@Test
public void testFindById(){
User user = mapper.findById(2);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<User> userList = mapper.findAll();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
System.out.println();
}
1.6 MyBatis的常用注解
这几年来注解开发越来越流行,Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式,这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper
映射文件了。我们先围绕一些基本的CRUD来学习,再学习复杂映射多表操作。
@Insert:实现新增
@Update:实现更新
@Delete:实现删除
@Select:实现查询
@Result:实现结果集封装
@Results:可以与@Result 一起使用,封装多个结果集
@One:实现一对一结果集封装
@Many:实现一对多结果集封装
1.7 注解实现复杂映射开发
实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现,使用注解开发后,我们可以使用@Results注解
,@Result注解,@One注解,@Many注解组合完成复杂关系的配
2. 一对一查询(注解实现)
2.1 创建订单类
需求:
查询一个订单,与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户
public class Order {
private int id;
private Date ordertime;
private double total;
//表示当前订单属于哪一个用户
private User user;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Date getOrdertime() {
return ordertime;
}
public void setOrdertime(Date ordertime) {
this.ordertime = ordertime;
}
public double getTotal() {
return total;
}
public void setTotal(double total) {
this.total = total;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Order{" +
"id=" + id +
", ordertime=" + ordertime +
", total=" + total +
", user=" + user +
'}';
}
}
2.2 创建OrderMapper接口
import com.itheima.domain.Order;
import com.itheima.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.One;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Result;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Results;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import java.util.List;
注解方式1:
public interface OrderMapper {
@Select("select *, o.id oid from orders o, user u where o.uid=u.id")
@Results({
@Result(column = "oid", property="id"),
@Result(column = "ordertime", property="ordertime"),
@Result(column = "total", property="total"),
@Result(column = "uid", property="user.id"),
@Result(column = "username", property="user.username"),
@Result(column = "password", property="user.password")
})
List<Order> findAll();
}
注解方式2:
public interface OrderMapper {
//先查order表 通过得到的uid 调用UserMapper接口的findById方法 传入参数为uid
@Select("select * from orders")
@Results({
@Result(column = "id", property="id"),
@Result(column = "ordertime", property="ordertime"),
@Result(column = "total", property="total"),
@Result(
property = "user", //要封装的属性名称
column = "uid", // 根据那个字段去查询user表数据
javaType = User.class, // 要封装的实体类型
// select 属性 查询那个接口的方法获取数据
one = @One(select = "com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper.findById") //
)
})
List<Order> findAll();
}
2.3 测试代码
如果遇到时间戳的问题可以弄一个日期转化器弄成long格式存入数据库中
参考链接: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45056135/article/details/127261188
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45056135/article/details/127261188
import com.itheima.domain.Order;
import com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class MybatisTestOrder {
private OrderMapper mapper;
@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
System.out.println("测试方法之前执行.......");
String resource = "sqlMapConfig.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
}
@Test
public void testFindAllOrder(){
List<Order> orderList = mapper.findAll();
for (Order order : orderList) {
System.out.println(order);
}
}
}
3. 一对多查询(注解实现)
需求:
查询一个用户,与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单
3.1 添加User类中的属性
添加属性之后添加set&get方法 重写toString方法
// 描述当前用户具有的订单
private List<Order> orderList;
3.2 编写OrderMapper接口和UserMapper接口
OrderMapper接口
思路: 先查询user表 然后通过uid作为参数 通过findByUid方法查询uid用户所有的订单
@Select("select * from orders where uid = #{uid}")
List<Order> findByUid(int uid);
UserMapper接口
// 先查询user表 然后通过uid作为参数 通过findByUid方法查询uid用户所有的订单
@Select("select * from user")
@Results({
@Result(id = true, column = "id", property = "id"),
@Result(column = "username", property = "username"),
@Result(column = "password", property = "password"),
@Result(
property = "orderList",
column = "id",
javaType = List.class,
many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid")
)
})
List<User> findUserAndOrderAll();
3.3 测试代码
import com.itheima.domain.User;
import com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class MybatisTestUser {
private UserMapper mapper;
@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
System.out.println("测试方法之前执行.......");
String resource = "sqlMapConfig.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}
@Test
public void testFindUserAndOrderAll(){
List<User> userList = mapper.findUserAndOrderAll();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
}
4. 多对多查询(注解实现)
需求:
查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色
4.1 添加User类中的属性创建Role实体类
添加属性之后添加set&get方法 重写toString方法
//表示当前用户具备那些角色
private List<Role> roleList;
创建Role实体类
public class Role {
private int id;
private String roleName;
private String roleDesc;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Role{" +
"id=" + id +
", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +
", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getRoleName() {
return roleName;
}
public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
this.roleName = roleName;
}
public String getRoleDesc() {
return roleDesc;
}
public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) {
this.roleDesc = roleDesc;
}
}
4.2 编写UserMapper接口和RoleMapper接口
RoleMapper接口
public interface RoleMapper {
// 查询uid所对应的角色 信息
@Select("select * from sys_role r, sys_user_role ur where r.id = ur.roleId and ur.userId = #{uid}")
List<Role> findByUid(int uid);
}
UserMapper接口
// 思路: 先查询user表 通过得到的uid 去查询所对应的角色
@Select("select * from user")
@Results({
@Result(id = true, column = "id", property = "id"),
@Result(column = "username", property = "username"),
@Result(column = "password", property = "password"),
@Result(
property = "roleList", // //要封装的属性名称
column = "id", // 方法传入的参数
javaType = List.class, // 要封装的实体类型
many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid")
)
})
List<User> findUserAndRoleAll();
4.3 测试方法
public class MybatisTestUser {
private UserMapper mapper;
@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
System.out.println("测试方法之前执行.......");
String resource = "sqlMapConfig.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}
@Test // 一对多
public void testFindUserAndOrderAll(){
List<User> userList = mapper.findUserAndOrderAll();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
@Test // 多对多
public void testFindUserAndRoleAll(){
List<User> userList = mapper.findUserAndRoleAll();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
}