【C++】缺省参数和virtual函数造成的奇妙bug！

1、当缺省参数和virtual函数一起使用的时候一定要谨慎

基类虚函数中的缺省参数会覆盖子类缺省参数。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base {
public:
    virtual void func(int x , int y = 0) {
        cout << "Base::func(" << x << " ," << y << ")" << endl;
    }
};

class Derived1 : public Base {
public:
    virtual void func(int x, int y) {
        cout << "Derived1::func(" << x << " ," << y << ")" << endl;
    }
};

class Derived2 : public Base {
public:
    virtual void func(int x, int y = 1) {
        cout << "Derived2::func(" << x << " ," << y << ")" << endl;
    }
};


int main() {
    Base* p1 = new Derived1(); 
    Base* p2 = new Derived2(); 
    
    p2->func(3);//Derived2::func(3 ,0)
    p2->func(4);//Derived1::func(4 ,0),子类虚函数中的缺省参数被父类覆盖

}

输出结果：

Derived2::func(3 ,0)
Derived2::func(4 ,0)
Derived2::func(5 ,1)

可见，当用一个父类指针或引用指向子类对象，实现多态时，无论子类虚函数中的缺省值是什么，都会使用父类的缺省值。而子类指针指向子类对象则不受影响