RestTemplate的简单使用

什么是RestTemplate

Spring RestTemplate 是 Spring 提供的一种简单便捷的模板类，提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，用于访问 Rest 服务的客户端，能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。

RestTemplate的简单使用

创建一个服务

添加依赖

		<dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springCloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            这是用于存放实体类的模块
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>

创建一个实体类

package com.dongmu.pojo;


import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Dept {
    private Long deptno;

    private String dname;

    private String db_sources;

    public Dept(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }
}

编写spring的配置文件

server:
  port: 8001
  servlet:
    context-path: /api


mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.dongmu.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:com/dongmu/dao/*.xml
  config-location: classpath:com/dongmu/mybatis-config.xml
spring:

  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=GMT%2b8&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&failOverReadOnly=false
    username: root
    password: 123456

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
    </settings>


</configuration>

创建一个服务

package com.dongmu.controller;

import com.dongmu.dao.DeptMapper;
import com.dongmu.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class DeptController {

    @Autowired
    DeptMapper deptMapper;

    @ResponseBody
    @PostMapping("/deptAdd")
    public String addDept(){
        Dept dept = new Dept("测试部"+System.currentTimeMillis());
        deptMapper.insertSelective(dept);

        return dept.toString();
    }
}

创建第二个服务

加入依赖

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springCloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            这是用于存放实体类的模块
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>

spring的主配置文件

server:
  port: 8801

编写代码，注入bean

package com.dongmu.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class BeanConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }


}

使用bean进行远程访问

package com.dongmu.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class DeptController {

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String RPC_URL_PREFIX="http://localhost:8001";
//这里就可以直接电泳到远程的服务
    @RequestMapping("rpc/addDept")
    public String rpcAddDept(){
        return restTemplate.postForObject(RPC_URL_PREFIX+"/api/deptAdd",null,String.class);
    }
}

RestTemplate的功能还有很多比如拦截器等待，这里仅作简单的介绍。不做过多赘述。

        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        //向restTemplate中添加自定义的拦截器
        restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(new TokenInterceptor());

验证

此时我么你只需要访问第二个应用的url既可以使用到第一个8001端口提供的服务了。