简易温度采集系统（蓝桥杯单片机）十分稳定

做题流程

阅读完全文后，我首先会有一个大概的框架，分别为三个方面
1.要用的模块
2.界面的显示
3.细节部分（按键&led之类）
首先我粘贴stcisp 的范例程序的定时器和smg，自己再稍加修改，完成smg管模块的初始化｛显示1234567）保证smg模块不出错。
然后我会开始写按键程序，无论是三行代码还是状态机程序，我都会再每个按键后面写一个led(0x0i)，来检验按键程序是否正确。到这一步我已经确保两个模块的正确性啦。

再然后，开始写任务要求的其他模块（读温度，读电压，读光敏）用数码管显示出来，检测它的正确性。

随后就是丰富其他细节逻辑之类。
最后我才完成任务对LED,继电器蜂鸣器之类的要求。（因为之前led做检测真的是一个非常好的用途）

代码

#include "stc15f2k60s2.h"
#include<onewire.h>
typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned int u16;
u8 code T_duan[]={                       //标准字库
//   0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    无    B    C    D    E    F
    0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F,0X00,0x7C,0x39,0x5E,0x79,0x71,
//black  -     H    J    K    L    N    o   P    U     t    G    Q    r   M    y
    0x00,0x40,0x76,0x1E,0x70,0x38,0x37,0x5C,0x73,0x3E,0x78,0x3d,0x67,0x50,0x37,0x6e,
    0xBF,0x86,0xDB,0xCF,0xE6,0xED,0xFD,0x87,0xFF,0xEF,0x46};    //0. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. -1

u8 code T_COM[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80};      //位码
u8 smg_count, smg_i, table[8];
u8 key_count;
u8 key_val;
u8 state;
u8 temper;
u8 index;
u8 num;

u8 T[4]={3,5,2,5}, T_max,T_min;
u8 T_i;
bit baocun;
bit set;
bit key_flag;
bit flag1s;
sbit buzzer = P0^6;
sbit relay = P0^4;
sbit h1 = P3^0;
sbit h2 = P3^1;
sbit h3 = P3^2;
sbit h4 = P3^3;

sbit l1 = P4^4;
sbit l2 = P4^2;
sbit l3 = P3^5;
sbit l4 = P3^4;

u16 index_count;
u16 count; 
bit flag_led2;
bit flag;//1000 times counter
u8 keyscan();
void key_cmd();
void Timer0Init(void);		//1毫秒@12.000MHz
void allinit();
void led(u8 dat);
void smg_dis();
	void T_cmd();
		void led_cmd();
		void delet() ;
void tm0_isr() interrupt 1 using 1
{

    if (count-- == 0)               //1ms * 1000 -> 1s
    {
        count = 1000;               //reset counter
        flag1s = 1;
    }
		  if (key_count-- == 0)               //1ms * 1000 -> 1s
    {
        key_count = 10;               //reset counter
        key_flag = 1;
    }
		if (smg_count-- == 0)               //1ms * 1000 -> 1s
    {
        smg_count = 2;               //reset counter
        P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xc0; P0 = T_COM[smg_i]; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
			  P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xe0; P0 = ~table[smg_i]; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
		  	smg_i++;
			  smg_i &= 0x07;
    }
		if(index_count++ == 60000) index_count = 0;
		if(index == 0 && index_count%800 == 0)
		{
			flag = ~flag;
		}
		else if(index == 1 && index_count%400 == 0)
		{
			flag = ~flag;
		}
		else if(index == 2 && index_count%200 == 0)
		{
			flag = ~flag;
		}
}


void main()
{

    Timer0Init();	
	  allinit();
    while (1)
		{
			led_cmd();
			if(key_flag)
			{
				key_flag = 0;
				key_val = keyscan();
				key_cmd();
				smg_dis();
			}
			if(flag1s)
			{
				flag1s = 0;
				temper = r_t();
				if( temper<T_min)
				{
					P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xa0; relay = 0; buzzer = 0; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
					index = 0;
				}
				else if (temper>T_max)
				{
					P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xa0; relay = 1; buzzer = 0; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
					index = 2;
				}
				else
				{
					P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xa0; relay = 0; buzzer = 0; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
					index = 1;
				}
			}
		}
}

void Timer0Init(void)		//1毫秒@12.000MHz
{
	AUXR |= 0x80;		//定时器时钟1T模式
	TMOD &= 0xF0;		//设置定时器模式
	TL0 = 0x20;		//设置定时初值
	TH0 = 0xD1;		//设置定时初值
	TF0 = 0;		//清除TF0标志
	TR0 = 1;		//定时器0开始计时
	ET0 = 1;
	EA = 1;
	count = 0;
}

void allinit()
{
	P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xa0; P0 = 0x00; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
	P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0x80; P0 = 0xff; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
}

void led(u8 dat)
{
	P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0x80; P0 = ~dat; P2 = (P2&0x1f);
}

u8 keyscan()
{
	u8 key = 88, keyreturn = 99;
	l1 = 0; l2 = 1; l3 = 1; l4 = 1;
	h1 = 1; h2 = 1; h3 = 1; h4 = 1;
	if(h1 != 1) key = 7;
	else if(h2 != 1) key = 6;
	else if(h3 != 1) key = 5;
	else if(h4 != 1) key = 4;

	l1 = 1; l2 = 0; l3 = 1; l4 = 1;
	h1 = 1; h2 = 1; h3 = 1; h4 = 1;	
	if(h1 != 1) key = 11;
	else if(h2 != 1) key = 10;
	else if(h3 != 1) key = 9;
	else if(h4 != 1) key = 8;	
	
	l1 = 1; l2 = 1; l3 = 0; l4 = 1;
	h1 = 1; h2 = 1; h3 = 1; h4 = 1;	
	if(h1 != 1) key = 15;
	else if(h2 != 1) key = 14;
	else if(h3 != 1) key = 13;
	else if(h4 != 1) key = 12;	
		
	l1 = 1; l2 = 1; l3 = 1; l4 = 0;
	h1 = 1; h2 = 1; h3 = 1; h4 = 1;	
	if(h1 != 1) key = 19;
	else if(h2 != 1) key = 18;
	else if(h3 != 1) key = 17;
	else if(h4 != 1) key = 16;	
		
	switch(state)
	{
		case 0: if(key != 88) state = 1; break;
		case 1: if(key == 88) state = 0; else{state = 2; keyreturn = key;} break;
		case 2: if(key == 88) state = 0; break;
	}		
		
	return keyreturn;
}
	
	void key_cmd()
	{
		switch(key_val)
		{
			case 7: num = 0 ; T_cmd(); break;
			case 6: num = 3;T_cmd(); break;
			case 5: num = 6 ;T_cmd(); break;
			case 4: num = 9;T_cmd(); break;
			
			case 11: num = 1 ; T_cmd(); break;
			case 10: num = 4 ;T_cmd(); break;
			case 9: num = 7 ;T_cmd(); break;
			case 8: set = ~set; break;	
			
			case 15: num = 2 ; T_cmd(); break;
			case 14: num =  5;T_cmd(); break;
			case 13: num =  8;T_cmd(); break;
			case 12: delet() ; break;

		}
	}
	
	void smg_dis()
	{
		if(set == 0)
		{
			if(baocun)
			{
				baocun = 0;
				T_max = (T[0]*10+T[1]);
				T_min = T[2]*10+T[3];
			}
		table[0] = 0x40;
		table[1] = T_duan[index%10];
		table[2] = 0x40;
		table[3] = 0x00;
		table[4] = 0x00;
		table[5] = 0x00;
		table[6] = T_duan[temper/10%10];
		table[7] = T_duan[temper%10];
		}
		else if(set)
		{
		baocun = 1;
		table[0] = 0x40;
		table[1] = T_duan[T[0]];
		table[2] = T_duan[T[1]];
		table[3] = 0x00;
		table[4] = 0x00;
		table[5] = 0x40;	
		table[6] = T_duan[T[2]];
		table[7] = T_duan[T[3]];
		}
	}
	
	void led_cmd()
	{
		if(flag && flag_led2)
		{
			led(0x03);
		}
		else if(flag && flag_led2 == 0)
		{
			led(0x01);
		}
		else if(flag == 0 && flag_led2)
		{
			led(0x02);
		}
		else
		{
			led(0x00);
		}
		if(set)
		{
		if( (T[0]*10+T[1])<(T[2]*10+T[3]))
		{
			flag_led2 = 1;
		}
		else
		{
      flag_led2 = 0 ;
		}
		}
	}
	
	void T_cmd()
	{
		if(set)
		{
		T[T_i] = num;
		T_i++;
		T_i &= 0x03;
		}
	}
	
void delet() 
	{
		u8 i;
	  T[0] = 10;
		T[1] = 10;
		T[2] = 10;
		T[3] = 10;
	}

/*
  程序说明: 单总线驱动程序
  软件环境: Keil uVision 4.10 
  硬件环境: CT107单片机综合实训平台(外部晶振12MHz) STC89C52RC单片机
  日    期: 2011-8-9
*/
#include "reg52.h"

sbit DQ = P1^4;  //单总线接口

//单总线延时函数
void Delay_OneWire(unsigned int t)  //STC89C52RC
{
	unsigned char i;
	while(t--)
	{
		for(i = 0; i<12; i++);
	}
}

//通过单总线向DS18B20写一个字节
void Write_DS18B20(unsigned char dat)
{
	unsigned char i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ = 0;
		DQ = dat&0x01;
		Delay_OneWire(5);
		DQ = 1;
		dat >>= 1;
	}
	Delay_OneWire(5);
}

//从DS18B20读取一个字节
unsigned char Read_DS18B20(void)
{
	unsigned char i;
	unsigned char dat;
  
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ = 0;
		dat >>= 1;
		DQ = 1;
		if(DQ)
		{
			dat |= 0x80;
		}	    
		Delay_OneWire(5);
	}
	return dat;
}

//DS18B20设备初始化
bit init_ds18b20(void)
{
  	bit initflag = 0;
  	
  	DQ = 1;
  	Delay_OneWire(12);
  	DQ = 0;
  	Delay_OneWire(80);
  	DQ = 1;
  	Delay_OneWire(10); 
    initflag = DQ;     
  	Delay_OneWire(5);
  
  	return initflag;
}


unsigned char r_t()
{
	unsigned char temp,L,H;
	init_ds18b20();
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);
	Write_DS18B20(0x44);
	Delay_OneWire(20);
	
	init_ds18b20();
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);
	Write_DS18B20(0xbe);
	L = Read_DS18B20();
	H = Read_DS18B20();
	temp = L>>4 | H<<4;
	return temp;
}