面试题之String 类实现

class String
{
public:
    //赋值构造函数
	String(const char str[]) {
		if (str == nullptr) {
			data = new char[1];
			data = '\0';
		}
		else {
			data = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
			strcpy(data, str);
			this->length = strlen(str);
		}
	}
    //拷贝构造函数
	String(const String& str) {
		if (str.data == nullptr) {
			this->data = new char[1];
			this->data = '\0';
		}
		else {
			this->data = new char[strlen(str.data) + 1];
			strcpy(this->data, str.data);
			this->length = strlen(str.data);
		}
	}
    //析构函数
	~String()
	{
		if (this->data != nullptr) {
			delete[] this->data;
			this->data = nullptr;
		}
	}
  
    //等号重载运算符
	String& operator = (const String& str) {
		if (this != &str) {
			delete[] data;
			data = nullptr;
			if (str.data == nullptr) {
				this->data = new char[1];
				this->data = '\0';
			}
			else {
				this->data = new char[strlen(str.data) + 1];
				strcpy(this->data, str.data);
				this->length = strlen(str.data);
			}
		}
		return *this;
	}
// 重载输出运算符  友元形式
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const String& str) {
		os << str.data<<str.length;
		return os;
	}
// 重载输入运算符  友元形式
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& os, const String& str) {
		os >> str.data;
		return os;
	}
//打印数组	
	void print() {
		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			cout << this->data[i];
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
//获取长度
	int getLength() {
		return this->length;
	}
private:
	char* data;
	int length;
};



int main()
{
	const char* str = "hello";
	String str1(str);
	cout << "str1: " << str1 << endl;
	
	String str2("world!");
	cout << "str2: " << str2 << endl;

	String str3(str1);
	cout << "str3: " << str3 << endl;
	cout << "str3: " << str3.getLength()<< endl;
	str3.print();
	str3 = str2;
	cout << "str3； " << endl;
}