二维相位解包裹

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 15:31:29 发布

Elite_H

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 15:31:29 发布

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文章标签： matlab 最小二乘法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_46340589/article/details/123809183

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一背景

在全息干涉测量中为了得到所需的测量值，通常需要经过相位计算，但是实验得到的相位是“包裹相位”，这是因为计算相位一般需要使用反正切函数，而其主值域是[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-FwDoSATW-1648479849953)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/ca57bfdcb37cb496a6a4adf867d39d39.svg#card=math&code=%28-%5Cpi%2C%5Cpi%5D&id=JBUue)]，因而相位被限定在[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-s0t5M9Ox-1648479849955)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/b0b2bf599e1edc61886b00556a3caed3.svg#card=math&code=%EF%BC%88-%5Cpi%2C%5Cpi%5D&id=fCLTB)]之内，直接计算得到的相位被“截断”（或者称为“包裹”或“缠绕”），所以不能直接得到待测的真实连续相位。如下图所示，实际测量时必须将被包裹的相位展开，这个过程即称为相位解包裹，也称相位展开、解缠或者解相等。[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-974dfYH5-1648480013522)(!%5Bimage.png%5D%28https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/cbfd03a2bf3efddd3925bb923508f8a8.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=275&id=u9fe3217e&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=365&originWidth=595&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=84428&status=done&style=none&taskId=u5dcc00e9-350b-495b-9b2f-c16aa8451f6&title=&width=447.5%29#pic_center)]

![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/cbfd03a2bf3efddd3925bb923508f8a8.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=275&id=u9fe3217e&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=365&originWidth=595&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=84428&status=done&style=none&taskId=u5dcc00e9-350b-495b-9b2f-c16aa8451f6&title=&width=447.5)
![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/3672ef5d0e1211f64135d0104bb58260.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=259&id=u22fb2dcc&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=361&originWidth=835&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=149086&status=done&style=none&taskId=ue992c546-0052-481e-b74e-6fcbaafcae7&title=&width=600)
![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/7f1d6f6747f77007ae50751c65194009.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=273&id=u5d5a4706&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=379&originWidth=833&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=146832&status=done&style=none&taskId=u44202350-038c-409c-98e9-67442c95ec7&title=&width=600)
![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/5b18697bd17823b0293fe166a55bdc4f.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=498&id=ub1ca23ba&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=679&originWidth=818&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=477371&status=done&style=none&taskId=u4e60acee-9ca0-4b9a-adc6-6ece4c0d21b&title=&width=600)

二数学原理

2.1 数字全息记录光场相位

在全息光场中，假设某点[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-CEWU7zCR-1648479849958)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/e6d2f939b9e7c3bc084e9b58b2d48ddf.svg#card=math&code=%EF%BC%88x%EF%BC%8Cy%EF%BC%89%0A&id=rtvcP)]处的物光场和参考光场分别为[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-ubJhXLul-1648479849959)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/e440615fc071a015584f910d3eebc6ac.svg#card=math&code=O%28x%2Cy%29%3Do%28x%2Cy%29e%5E%7Bi%5Cvarphi%28x%2Cy%29%7D%20%0A&id=hVFaO)]和[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-VYdyX51M-1648479849959)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/c5d0eee6c04d539caa03516db331be4f.svg#card=math&code=R%28x%2Cy%29%3Dr%28x%2Cy%29e%5E%7Bi%5Cphi%28x%2Cy%29%7D%20&id=orluq)]，参考光和物光相互尕摄从而记录物体的相位
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-GgqjJWgZ-1648479849960)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/e23fb8759710e2e348fffdde048fabbc.svg#card=math&code=%5Cbegin%7Balign%2A%7D%0A%20%20I%28x%2Cy%29%26%3D%5BO%28x%2Cy%29%2BR%28x%2Cy%29%5D%5E2%20%5C%5C%0A%20%20%26%3D%5BO%28x.y%29%2BR%28x%2Cy%29%5D%2A%5BO%28x.y%29%2BR%28x%2Cy%29%5D%5C%5C%0A%20%20%26%3DO%28x%2Cy%29%5E2%20%2BR%28x%2Cy%29%5E2%2B2o%28x%2Cy%29r%28x%2Cy%29cos%5B%5Cvarphi%28x%2Cy%29-%5Cphi%28x%2Cy%29%5D%0A%5Cend%7Balign%2A%7D&id=enD6d)]

显然，若[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-36DwhtIx-1648479849961)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/1d2445e70e08d2d58991a30d1d88771c.svg#card=math&code=%5Cvarphi%20%28x%2C%20y%29-%5Cphi%28x%2Cy%29%20%3D%202k%5Cpi&id=laIlv)]，其中[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-UFUjRhH0-1648479849961)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/70dcaf8e1ab75a9b6e5fd17fc5dda549.svg#card=math&code=k%3D0%2C%5Cpm1%2C%5Cpm2%20%5Ccdots&id=Sf6K0)]，则[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-S2aQAv7G-1648479849962)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/90cbc22edf225adf8a68974f51227f05.svg#card=math&code=%28x%2Cy%29&id=NQ4EC)]处将出现明条纹；若[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-6ELgt7iX-1648479849962)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/3eb633b032879fd40c1473942762e587.svg#card=math&code=%5Cvarphi%20%28x%2C%20y%29-%5Cphi%28x%2Cy%29%20%3D%282k%2B1%29%5Cpi&id=gGmeS)]，[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-VHpB1nst-1648479849963)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/70dcaf8e1ab75a9b6e5fd17fc5dda549.svg#card=math&code=k%3D0%2C%5Cpm1%2C%5Cpm2%20%5Ccdots&id=L5u4r)]，则[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-At6m7ODi-1648479849963)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/__latex/90cbc22edf225adf8a68974f51227f05.svg#card=math&code=%28x%2Cy%29&id=UdREN)]处将出现暗条纹。
所以，全息图实际上就是一幅干涉图，用干涉条纹的明、暗记录相位———物光于参考光的相位差。

2.2 相位重建基本原理

通过干涉图重建光场相位常用的方法共有三种：

用相移法重建全息记录平面上物光场相位
用衍射计算重构物光场并重建光场相位
用傅里叶变换重构物光场并重建光场相位
相位法重建

![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/03cb4787c905596a96eb6dddb1db2857.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=0.6079&from=paste&height=568&id=u0224c6e2&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=753&originWidth=796&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=293688&status=done&style=none&taskId=ud4e388ca-d8fe-4899-9563-1951f74f098&title=&width=600)

衍射法重建

![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/2fd110f85c2fd1a23448bf85b29b160a.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=234&id=uf5f5c5d5&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=321&originWidth=824&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=138110&status=done&style=none&taskId=u0323d72a-ffd6-4ac7-9e5d-ad41dbb080a&title=&width=600)

傅里叶变换法重建

![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/097963883e45c349a9bba4d61418adbb.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=189&id=u082b7e18&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=266&originWidth=845&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=115988&status=done&style=none&taskId=u40e1135f-24c9-4bf7-8052-e5a1b4bae3b&title=&width=600)
![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/e8b3966bda9ab630c8551108cb294225.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=0.4983&from=paste&height=492&id=QAHv1&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=681&originWidth=830&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=287664&status=done&style=none&taskId=ue397d16d-5c2f-4918-83bb-77a340a7819&title=&width=600)

2.3 相位解包裹算法

相位解包裹算法主要有两种：

路径跟踪算法（积分结果与路径无关）–枝切法
路径无关相位解包裹算法（最小范数解）

路径跟踪相位解包裹算法

![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/8f9a7210476a40227c111b01ec12d5f1.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=664&id=ue13a2b7c&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=561&originWidth=507&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=147764&status=done&style=none&taskId=u702214ce-c8e8-4ea4-acca-4c5599ecdbc&title=&width=600)
![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/19c98f0d4fa18418e0f9d7aa57940fab.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=805&id=u19b51c50&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=652&originWidth=486&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=146541&status=done&style=none&taskId=u1bbc8d0a-9b72-4b98-8b1f-6a9869e6c1f&title=&width=600)

路径跟踪相位解包裹算法

![image.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/500d08cb937b065361d4c44f003d7202.png#clientId=ue4fdb0c3-c996-4&crop=0&crop=0&crop=1&crop=1&from=paste&height=846&id=uc618ab83&margin=[object Object]&name=image.png&originHeight=684&originWidth=485&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=142551&status=done&style=none&taskId=u4b25cb7b-c56a-4791-823d-20cbdde67a8&title=&width=600)