Typescript+vite+sass手把手实现五子棋游戏（放置类）
下面有图片和gif可能没加载出来
上面有图片和gif可能没加载出来
导言
最近练习Typescript，觉得差不多了，就用这个项目练练手，使用Typescript纯面向对象编程。
开源地址
试玩地址：试玩地址 (zou-hong-run.github.io)
代码地址：zou-hong-run/dobang: Typescript+vite+sass拖拽放置五子棋 (github.com)
视频演示地址：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1JX4y1L7XS/
功能介绍
用户将棋子放置在棋盘上，首先将五颗棋子连成线的用户胜利
游戏功能
- 开始游戏
- 用户开始交替放置棋子
- 放置棋子后该棋子会被禁用，直到对方下子，方可解
- 五子连成线胜利
- 重新游戏
项目介绍
使用Typescript+vite+sass构建项目
typescript:类型提示不要太爽。
vite:轻松编译打包项目，减少配置时间
sass:简化css书写
项目搭建
使用vite初始化项目
这里使用vite作为脚手架搭建 因为可以很好的将Typescript和html等结合到一块 打包压缩更方便 支持热更新
你可以使用npm，yarn或pnpm
npm create vite@latest
yarn create vite
pnpm create vite
这里我使用的pnpm
pnpm create vite
// 项目名
√ Project name: ... gobang
// 原生代码，没有框架支持
√ Select a framework: » Vanilla
// 使用ts
√ Select a variant: » TypeScript
cd gobang
pnpm install
pnpm run dev
安装sass
方便书写scss，-D装开发依赖
pnpm add sass -D
项目目录结构
-
dist
- 最终打包文件
-
public
- 图片资源等
-
src
-
源码入口
-
css
- 样式
-
script
- ts代码放置
-
main.ts
- 代码主入口
-
-
index.html
- 网页文件
-
tsconfig.json
- ts配置文件
-
package.json
- 包管理文件
前端页面布局
index.html布局
游戏首页index.html
- #black_piece左边黑子
- #white_piece右边白子
- #container_center棋盘
- #restart 重新游戏
<!doctype html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/vite.svg" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Typescript五子棋</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
<div id="container_left">
<h1>黑棋</h1>
<button id="black_piece"></button>
</div>
<div id="container_center">
<div id="title">五子棋对决（等待白棋落子）</div>
<div id="game"></div>
</div>
<div id="container_right">
<h1>白棋</h1>
<button id="white_piece"></button>
</div>
<div id="restart" class="none">
<button></button>
</div>
</div>
<script type="module" src="./src/main.ts"></script>
</body>
</html>
sass样式
src/css/style.scss
比原生css简直不要太舒服
@use "sass:math";
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
html,
body {
min-width: 660px;
min-height: 660px;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
$centerWidthAndHeight: 660px;
$leftAndRightWidth: calc((100% - $centerWidthAndHeight)/2);
// $centerWidth: 100% - $leftAndRightWidth * 2;
// $pieceWidthAndHeight:math.div(100%,1);
$pieceWidthAndHeight: 60px;
.none{
display: none !important;
}
#container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
display: flex;
text-align: center;
user-select: none;
h1 {
user-select: none;
}
&_left,
&_right {
min-width: 100px;
width: $leftAndRightWidth;
height: 100%;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
background-color: #C6BA8A;
}
// 这里的样式共用
#black_piece {
width: $pieceWidthAndHeight;
height: $pieceWidthAndHeight;
background-image: url("../public/imgs/blackPiece.png");
background-size: 100% 100%;
border-radius: 50%;
user-select: all;
}
#black_piece:hover {
border: 2px double white;
}
#white_piece {
width: $pieceWidthAndHeight;
height: $pieceWidthAndHeight;
background-image: url("../public/imgs/whitePiece.png");
background-size: 100% 100%;
border-radius: 50%;
user-select: all;
}
#white_piece:hover {
border: 2px double black;
}
&_center {
width: $centerWidthAndHeight;
height: 100%;
background-image: url('../public/imgs/background.png');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: cover;
#title {
background-color: #C6BA8A;
// opacity: .9;
height: calc(100% - $centerWidthAndHeight);
}
#game {
// user-select: all;
width: $centerWidthAndHeight;
height: $centerWidthAndHeight;
position: relative;
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
}
#restart{
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
background-color: rgba(133, 132, 132,0.5);
button{
width: 25%;
height: 20%;
background: url("../../public/imgs/restart.png");
background-size: 100% 100%;
}
}
}
工具类封装
src/Utils.ts
此类封装了公用的静态方法
clone
- 克隆元素设置属性
export default class Utils {
static clone(
target: HTMLElement,
options: Partial<{
width: string,
height: string,
draggable: boolean,
userSelect: string,
x:string,
y:string
}>
): HTMLElement {
let { width, height, draggable, userSelect,x,y } = options;
let cloneNode = target.cloneNode(true) as HTMLButtonElement;
if (width) {
cloneNode.style.cssText += `
width:${width};
`
}
if (height) {
cloneNode.style.cssText += `
height:${height};
`;
}
cloneNode.draggable = draggable as boolean;
// 根据父元素的坐标记录该元素的坐标
cloneNode.dataset.x = x;
cloneNode.dataset.y = y;
if (userSelect) {
cloneNode.style.cssText += `
user-select:${userSelect};
`
}
return cloneNode;
}
}
游戏逻辑
项目入口
main.ts
- 导入scss样式
- 实例化Game类
import './css/style.scss'
import Game from './script/Game'
// 白子优先
new Game()
Game类
src/Game.ts 游戏控制类，控制各个类的协调工作
初始参数
创建棋盘
- new Board
创建黑/白棋子
- new Piece
等待Board触发的回调函数
countPieceCallBack
- 传入最新棋子数和当前的放在棋盘的棋子
判断胜负
isWin
- 根据isPieceFullFive函数判断是否胜利
isPieceFullFive
- 判断落子点的四周是否五子连续
重新游戏功能
改变标题
import Board from './Board';
import Piece from './Piece';
export type countPieceCallBack = (count: number, currentPiece: HTMLElement) => void
type plainArr = ({
posX: number;
posY: number;
name: string;
} | {
posX: number;
posY: number;
name: null;
})[]
export default class Game {
// 标题元素
public titleEle:HTMLElement;
// 白字优先
public firstWhite: boolean;
// 棋盘对象
public board: Board;
// 黑子对象
public blackPiece: Piece;
// 白子对象
public whitePiece: Piece;
// 当前棋盘棋子数量
public pieceCount: number;
// 当前落子
public currentPiece: HTMLElement | undefined
constructor() {
this.titleEle = document.querySelector("#title")!;
this.firstWhite = true;// 白子优先
this.board = new Board(this.countPieceCallBack.bind(this)); // 初始化棋盘
// 初始化白棋子
this.blackPiece = new Piece("black_piece", this.firstWhite);
// 初始化黑棋子
this.whitePiece = new Piece("white_piece", this.firstWhite);
// 刚开始为零
this.pieceCount = 0;
}
// 传给Board触发的回调函数
countPieceCallBack(count: number, currentPiece: HTMLElement) {
// board告诉game棋子数量变化了
console.log("board计数", count);
// 实时记录最新棋子数量
this.pieceCount = count
// 交换顺序
this.firstWhite = !this.firstWhite;
// 通知棋子修改显示状态
this.blackPiece.setFirstWhite(this.firstWhite)
this.whitePiece.setFirstWhite(this.firstWhite);
// 记录当前棋子
this.currentPiece = currentPiece
// 当前棋子是什么名字
let currentPieceName = this.currentPiece?.id;
// 改变标题
this.changeTitle(currentPieceName);// 判断胜负
if(this.isWin()){
if(currentPieceName==='black_piece'){
alert("黑子获胜!!!");
this.changeBackGround(currentPieceName)
}else{
alert("白子获胜!!!")
this.changeBackGround(currentPieceName)
}
this.addRestartPage()
}
}
addRestartPage(){
(document.querySelector("#restart")as HTMLDivElement).classList.remove("none");
(document.querySelector("#restart button")as HTMLButtonElement).addEventListener("click",()=>{
window.location.reload()
})
}
changeBackGround(currentPieceName:string){
let bodycontainer_center = document.querySelector("#container_center") as HTMLDivElement
if(currentPieceName==='black_piece'){
bodycontainer_center.style.background = `url("../imgs/blackWin.png")`
}else{
bodycontainer_center.style.background = `url("../imgs/whiteWin.png")`
}
}
changeTitle(currentPieceName:string){
this.titleEle.innerText = (currentPieceName==='white_piece'?"(等待黑子落子)-":"(等待白子落子)-")+"总步数："+this.pieceCount;
}
// 判断胜负
isWin():boolean{
// 两种判断，一种全盘判断，一种判断当前落子及其周围是否连成五子
// 这里判断当前落子地方及其周围是否连成五子即可
if (this.pieceCount >= 8) {
let allPiece = this.board.getAllPiece();
let dataset = this.currentPiece?.dataset;
let { x, y } = dataset!;
let currentPieceName = this.currentPiece?.id;
let currentPieceposX = parseInt(x!);
let currentPieceposY = parseInt(y!);
// 提纯allPiece
let plainArr = Array.from(allPiece).map(item => {
let children = item.children[0] as HTMLButtonElement
if (children) {
let name = children.id;
let { x, y } = children.dataset;
return {
posX: parseInt(x!),
posY: parseInt(y!),
name
}
}
return {
posX: parseInt(x!),
posY: parseInt(y!),
name: null
}
})
// 当前落子的位置
let currentPiecePos = {
X: currentPieceposX,
Y: currentPieceposY,
name: currentPieceName!
}
// 判断是否五子
// 竖直方向
if(this.isPieceFullFive(currentPiecePos, plainArr,0,1)){
return true;
}
// 横向
if(this.isPieceFullFive(currentPiecePos, plainArr,1,0)){
return true
}
// 45度向
if(this.isPieceFullFive(currentPiecePos, plainArr,1,1)){
return true
}
// 135度向
if(this.isPieceFullFive(currentPiecePos, plainArr,-1,1)){
return true
}
}
if (this.pieceCount == 255) {
alert("平局");
return true;
}
return false
}
// 检查从当前位置的竖向，横向，45度向，135度向，的棋子数量是否大于五
isPieceFullFive(currentPiecePos: { X: number, Y: number, name: string }, plainArr:plainArr,directX:number,directY:number):boolean {
let { X, Y, name } = currentPiecePos;
let tempPos = {
x:0,
y:0
};
let count = 0;
// 从落点位置分为 正方向和反方向
// 反方向
for(let i=1;i<5;i++){
tempPos.x = X - directX*i;
tempPos.y = Y - directY*i;
if(!plainArr.find(item=>item.name === name&&item.posX === tempPos.x&&item.posY===tempPos.y)){
break;
}
count++;
}
// 正方向
for(let i=1;i<5;i++){
tempPos.x = X + directX*i;
tempPos.y = Y + directY*i;
if(!plainArr.find(item=>item.name === name&&item.posX === tempPos.x&&item.posY===tempPos.y)){
break;
}
count++;
}
//
if(count>=4){
// 当前棋子+count=5 游戏胜利
return true;
}
return false
}
}
Board类
src/Board.ts 棋盘类，控制棋盘格子生成
初始化棋盘参数
初始化棋盘
emitGameCountPiece
- Game传来的回调函数
initBoard
- 创建15*15的棋盘
addEventListenerSetGrid
- 给每个棋盘格子都监听放置事件，棋子放置到网格才触发
addEventListenerSetPiece
- 只要有落子，就会触发该函数
- 触发Game传来的回调函数emitGameCountPiece
getAllPiece
- 得到棋盘并且包括棋盘中的所有棋子
import Utils from './Utils'
import {type countPieceCallBack} from './Game'
export default class Board {
// 棋盘行和列
private row: number;
private col: number;
// 网页游戏区域宽高
// 游戏区域
private game: Element;
private gameWidth: number;
private gameHeight: number;
// 棋盘网格中的单个元素宽高
private oneGridWidth: number
private oneGridHeight: number
// 记录棋盘中的棋子数量
public pieceCount: number;
// Game传过来的函数，告诉game当前棋盘上的棋子数
public emitGameCountPiece: countPieceCallBack;
// 记录当前放置的棋子
public crrentPiece:HTMLElement|undefined;
constructor(emitGameCountPiece:countPieceCallBack) {
this.row = 15;
this.col = 15;
this.game = document.querySelector("#game")!;
this.gameWidth = this.game?.clientWidth!
this.gameHeight = this.game?.clientHeight!
this.oneGridWidth = this.gameWidth / this.row
this.oneGridHeight = this.gameHeight / this.col
this.pieceCount = 0;
this.emitGameCountPiece = emitGameCountPiece;
this.initBoard()
}
initBoard() {
this.initGrid()
this.addEventListenerSetPiece()
}
// 初始化棋盘网格
initGrid() {
let fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
for (let i = 0; i < this.col; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < this.row; j++) {
// 添加网格
let grid = document.createElement('div');
grid.style.cssText = `
border:1px solid black;
width:${this.oneGridWidth}px;
height:${this.oneGridHeight}px;
user-select:none;
position:relative;
`
grid.draggable = false;
grid.dataset.x = j + "";
grid.dataset.y = i + "";
// 给每个网格监听放置棋子事件
this.addEventListenerSetGrid(grid)
// 给文档片段添加元素
fragment.appendChild(grid);
}
}
this.game.appendChild(fragment)
}
// 每一个网格都设置一个放置事件
addEventListenerSetGrid(ele: Element) {
let that = this;
// 我们可以看到对于被拖拽元素，事件触发顺序是 dragstart->drag->dragend；
// 对于目标元素，事件触发的顺序是 dragenter->dragover->drop/dropleave。
ele.addEventListener("dragover", (e) => {
// e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
});
// 防止一个网格放置多个棋子
const disableSecondDrop = function () {
// 棋盘监听放子会加一，所以这里我们减一
that.pieceCount--;
// 告诉Game类型
that.emitGameCountPiece(that.pieceCount,that.crrentPiece!)
alert("此处已经放置元素");
return false;
}
// 一个网格放置一个棋子
const drop = function (e: Event) {
let parent = ele as HTMLElement;
let parentWidth = parent.style.width;
let parentHeight = parent.style.height;
let x = parent.dataset.x;
let y = parent.dataset.y;
if (e instanceof DragEvent) {
console.log("棋子放置在棋盘上,得到ID");
let pieceId = e.dataTransfer?.getData("ID");
let pieceEle = document.getElementById(`${pieceId}`)!;
// 克隆一个新的棋子
let clonePiece = Utils.clone(
pieceEle,
{
width: parentWidth,
height: parentHeight,
draggable: false,
userSelect: "none",
x:x,
y:y
});
// 添加到网格中
parent.appendChild(clonePiece!)
// 记录该棋子的坐标
that.crrentPiece = clonePiece;
// 禁止该网格放置多个元素
parent.addEventListener("drop", disableSecondDrop)
// 清除放置事件
parent.removeEventListener("drop", drop)
}
}
ele.addEventListener("drop", drop)
}
// 监听棋子放置事件
addEventListenerSetPiece() {
this.game.addEventListener("dragover", (e) => {
e.preventDefault()
})
this.game.addEventListener("drop", () => {
console.log("棋盘监听到棋子放下");
this.pieceCount++;
console.log("棋盘上的棋子数加一", this.pieceCount);
// 告诉Game类 数量改变
this.emitGameCountPiece(this.pieceCount,this.crrentPiece!)
})
}
// 得到棋盘并且包括棋盘中的所有棋子
getAllPiece(){
let gameChild = this.game.children;
return gameChild;
}
}
Piece类
src/Piece.ts 棋子类，控制棋子的各种属性
初始化棋子信息
addEventListenerDrag
- 给黑白棋子添加拖拽事件监听
togglePiece
- 切换黑白棋子放子顺序
setFirstWhite
- 修改当前黑白棋子放子顺序
export default class Piece {
private piece: HTMLButtonElement;
private firstWhite: boolean;
public name: string;
constructor(name: string, firstWhite: boolean) {
this.name = name;
this.firstWhite = firstWhite;
this.piece = document.getElementById(`${name}`) as HTMLButtonElement;
this.addEventListenerDrag()
this.togglePiece()
}
// 修改当前棋子状态
setFirstWhite(value: boolean) {
this.firstWhite = value;
this.togglePiece()
}
// 根据isBlack的值禁用左边或者右边棋盘
togglePiece() {
// 判断当前是黑棋还是白棋
let isBlack = this.name === 'black_piece'
if (isBlack) {
// 黑棋，白棋先手禁用黑棋
this.firstWhite ? (this.piece.draggable = false) : (this.piece.draggable = true);
this.firstWhite ? (this.piece.disabled = true) : (this.piece.disabled = false);
this.firstWhite ? (this.piece.style.opacity = "0.5") : (this.piece.style.opacity = "1");
console.log("黑棋先手","draggable:",this.piece.draggable,"disabled:",this.piece.disabled,this.piece.style.opacity);
}else{// 白棋 白棋先手 显示白棋
this.firstWhite ? (this.piece.draggable = true) : (this.piece.draggable = false)
this.firstWhite ? (this.piece.disabled = false) : (this.piece.disabled = true);
this.firstWhite ? (this.piece.style.opacity = "1") : (this.piece.style.opacity = "0.5");
console.log("白棋先手","draggable:",this.piece.draggable,"disabled:",this.piece.disabled,this.piece.style.opacity);
}
}
// 监听器棋子被拖拽
addEventListenerDrag() {
// 我们可以看到对于被拖拽元素，事件触发顺序是 dragstart->drag->dragend；
// 对于目标元素，事件触发的顺序是 dragenter->dragover->drop/dropleave。
this.piece.addEventListener("dragstart", (e) => {
console.log("棋子开始被拖拽，设置ID");
if (e instanceof DragEvent) {
e.dataTransfer?.setData("ID", (e.target as Element).id)
}
});
this.piece.addEventListener("drag", (e) => {
// e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
});
this.piece.addEventListener("dragend", (e) => {
if (e instanceof DragEvent) {
// console.log("棋子被放置");
}
})
}
}
总结
- 练习本项目，可以提高Typescript使用技巧，理解面向对象知识，提示编码能力
- 项目还很有多不足，请大家多多指教
- 大佬们觉得不错的话，请三连支持一下！！！！
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