python学习笔记—13—while和for循环

1. while循环

(1) 代码

        1. 示例

i = 0
while i < 100:
    print(f"第{i}次循环")
    i += 1

        2. 计算从1加到100的和

i = 1
sum = 0
while i <= 100:
    sum += i
    i += 1
print(f"1加到100的和是{sum}")

        3. 使用while循环无限次猜测随机产生的数字，直到猜对，结束循环

import random
num = random.randint(1, 100)

conditions = True
i = 1
while conditions:
    guess_num = int(input(f"请输入第{i}次猜测的数字："))
    if guess_num == num:
        print(f"你在第{i}次猜对了")
        conditions = False
    elif guess_num != num:
        if guess_num > num:
            print("你猜的数字大了")
        elif guess_num < num:
            print("你猜的数字小了")
    i += 1

print(f"num = {num}")

        4. 使用print打印99乘法表

        (1) print不换行

print("hello", end='')
print("world", end='')

        (2) 制表符\t可让多行字符对齐

print("hello\tworld")
print("super\tcarrydoinb")

        (3) 输出空行

        print()

        (4) 99乘法表代码

j = 1
while j < 10:
    i = 1
    while i <= j:
        if i == j:
            print(f"{i}*{j}={i * j}")
        elif i < j:
            print(f"{i}*{j}={i*j}\t", end='')
        i += 1
    j += 1

2. for循环

(1) 遍历字符串

tmp_str = "supercarrydoinb"
for i in tmp_str:
    print(f"{i} ", end='')

(2) 判断字符串中有多少个a

tmp_str = "supaearcarrydoianba"
cnt = 0
for i in tmp_str:
    if i == "a":
        cnt += 1
print(f"the num of a in {tmp_str} is {cnt}")

(3) range语句(range与for循环可以搭配使用)

        1. 

        2. 

        3. 

        4. 使用for+range获取1到n之间有多少个偶数

EvenNum_cnt = 0
tmp_num = 101
for i in range(1, tmp_num):
    if 0 == i % 2:
        EvenNum_cnt += 1
print(f"EvenNum_cnt = {EvenNum_cnt}")

        5. 注意：for循环中第一个遍历为临时变量，作用域在循环内部，若要在循环外访问，需要在使用变量之前定义

        6. 99乘法表

for i in range(1, 10):
    for j in range(1, i+1):
        if j == i:
            print(f"{i}*{j}={i*j}")
        elif j < i:
            print(f"{i}*{j}={i*j}\t", end='')

        7. 案例练习

all_salary = 10000
everyone_salary = 1000
for i in range(1, 21):
    if all_salary > 0:
        performance = random.randint(1, 10)
        if (performance >= 1) and (performance < 5):
            print(f"员工{i}, 绩效为{performance}, 低于5， 不发工资，下一位")
            continue
        elif (performance >= 5) and (performance <= 10):
            all_salary -= everyone_salary
            print(f"向员工{i}发放工资{everyone_salary}元,账户余额还剩{all_salary}元")
    elif all_salary <= 0:
        print("工资发完了，下个月再领吧")
        break
if all_salary > 0:
    print(f"员工工资发放完毕，剩余资金{all_salary}元归老板所有，哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈")