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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-14 19:21:58 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-14 19:21:58 发布

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分类专栏：笔记文章标签： spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_47951664/article/details/113528923

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Spring

一、导包

创建项目新建一个lib文件夹

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-asfXmDvg-1612182678306)(C:\Users\511003137\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20201215193103967.png)]

二、创建一个接口跟一个实现类

建立一个com.hpe.www包实现CustomerServer接口下的work方法

package com.hpe.www;

public class CustomerServiceImp implements CustomerService{

@Override
	public void work() {
	// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	System.out.println("工作");
	
	}
}

src下建立一个applicationcontext.xml文件

在实际开发中如何使用scope配置？

Dao对象：建议使用单例域

Service对象：建议使用单例域
servlet对象：必须使用多例！！！

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
<!-- 创建customerService对象 --> 把这个类注入到bean容器
   <bean id="customerService" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerServiceImp" scope="prototype">  //scope 作用域  
                                                                                           singleton： 单例域  （默认值）
                                                                                   		   prototype:  多例域
                                                                                    	request： 一个请求返回一个对象（web项目）
                                                                                       session： 一个会话返回一个对象（web项目）

 
</beans>

创建一个访问类

package com.hpe.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

import com.hpe.www.CustomerService;
import com.hpe.www.CustomerServiceImp;

public class MyTest {

	public static void main(String []args) {
	ApplicationContext applicationContext=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("./src/applicationcontext.xml");
	CustomerService customerService=(CustomerServiceImp) applicationContext.getBean("customerService");
	customerService.customerDao.living();
	
	}
}

1）ClassPathXmlApplicationContext: 类路径方式加载

2）FileSystemXmlApplicationContext: 文件路径方式加载

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三、DI 注入

1.1 构造方法注入

package com.hpe.www;

public class CustomerServiceImp implements CustomerService{
private CustomerDao customerDao;

    public CustomerServiceImp(CustomerDao customerDao) {
        super();
        this.customerDao = customerDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void work() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("工作");

    }

    @Override
    public CustomerDao getCustomerDao() {
        return customerDao;
    }
}

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        

<!-- 创建customerService对象 -->
   <bean id="customerService" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerServiceImp" scope="prototype">
       
   	<constructor-arg index="0" ref="customerDao"/><!-- 利用构造方法注入对象 -->
     		<!-- index:参数索引，从0开始      ref:引用ioc工厂里面的对象 -->
 
    </bean>
   <bean id="customerDao" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerDaoImpl"/>
 </beans>

1.2 setter方法注入（推荐）

* 通过set方法注入


package com.hpe.www;

public class CustomerServiceImp implements CustomerService{
private CustomerDao customerDao;

    public void setCustomerServiceImp(CustomerDao customerDao) {

        this.customerDao = customerDao;
    }
}

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 创建customerService对象 -->
   <bean id="customerService" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerServiceImp" scope="prototype">
  		<property name="customerDao" ref="customerDao"/><!-- 调用setter方法进行对象注入 ,name名称就是setter方法名称-->
   </bean>
   <bean id="customerDao" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerDaoImpl"/>
 </beans>

四、SpringIOC注入不同的数据类型

package com.hpe.www;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import com.sun.xml.internal.fastinfoset.sax.Properties;

public class CustomerServiceImp {

    private	int id;
    private CustomerDao customerDao;
    private	String[] name;
    private List<String> list;
    private	Map<String,String> map;
   private Set<String> set;
   private String wife;
    private Properties pro;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public CustomerDao getCustomerDao() {
        return customerDao;
    }

    public void setCustomerDao(CustomerDao customerDao) {
        this.customerDao = customerDao;
    }

    public String[] getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String[] name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public List<String> getList() {
        return list;
    }

    public void setList(List<String> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getMap() {
        return map;
    }

    public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }

    public Set<String> getSet() {
        return set;
    }

    public void setSet(Set<String> set) {
        this.set = set;
    }

    public String getWife() {
        return wife;
    }

    public void setWife(String wife) {
        this.wife = wife;
    }

    public Properties getPro() {
        return pro;
    }

    public void setPro(Properties pro) {
        this.pro = pro;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "CustomerServiceImp{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", customerDao=" + customerDao +
                ", name=" + Arrays.toString(name) +
                ", list=" + list +
                ", map=" + map +
                ", set=" + set +
                ", wife='" + wife + '\'' +
                ", pro=" + pro +
                '}';
    }
}




<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="customerDao" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerDao"/>
    <!-- 创建customerService对象 -->
    <bean id="customerService" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerServiceImp" scope="prototype">
        <!-- 基本数据类型+String     使用value属性注入-->
        <property name="id" value="32"/>
        <property name="wife" value="String注入">
        
        <!-- bean注入 ref-->
        <property name="customerDao" ref="customerDao"/>

        <!-- 数组注入 ref-->
        <property name="name">
            <array>
                <value>红楼梦</value>
                <value>三国演义</value>
                <value>水浒传</value>
                <value>西游记</value>
            </array>
        </property>

        <!-- List注入 ref-->
        <property name="list">
           <value>听歌</value>
            <value>看电源</value>
            <value>敲代码</value>
            <value>打游戏</value>
        </property>
        <!-- Map注入 ref-->
        <property name="map">
            <map>
                <entry key="身份证" value="12333445"/>
                <entry key="银行卡" value="54354345434"/>

            </map>
        </property>
        <!-- set注入 ref-->
        <property name="set">
            <set>
                <value>lou</value>
                <value>ddd</value>
                <value>ddd</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!-- properties注入 ref-->
        <property name="pro">
            <props>
                <prop key="学号">2019</prop>
                <prop key="姓名">小米</prop>
                <prop key="username">root</prop>
                <prop key="password">ww123</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
   

</beans>

五、注入不同类型

package com.hpe.www;

import java.util.*;


public class CustomerServiceImp {
        private double aDouble;
        private String name;
        private CustomerDao customerDao;
        private String []Addresses;
        private List<Student> studentsList;
        private Map<String,Student> studentMap;
        private Properties properties;

    public double getaDouble() {
        return aDouble;
    }

    public void setaDouble(double aDouble) {
        this.aDouble = aDouble;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public CustomerDao getCustomerDao() {
        return customerDao;
    }

    public void setCustomerDao(CustomerDao customerDao) {
        this.customerDao = customerDao;
    }

    public String[] getAddresses() {
        return Addresses;
    }

    public void setAddresses(String[] addresses) {
        Addresses = addresses;
    }

    public List<Student> getStudentsList() {
        return studentsList;
    }

    public void setStudentsList(List<Student> studentsList) {
        this.studentsList = studentsList;
    }

    public Map<String, Student> getStudentMap() {
        return studentMap;
    }

    public void setStudentMap(Map<String, Student> studentMap) {
        this.studentMap = studentMap;
    }

    public Properties getProperties() {
        return properties;
    }

    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
        this.properties = properties;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "CustomerServiceImp{" +
                "aDouble=" + aDouble +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", customerDao=" + (customerDao.living()) +
                ", Addresses=" + Arrays.toString(Addresses) +
                ", studentsList=" + studentsList +
                ", studentMap=" + studentMap +
                ", properties=" + properties +
                '}';
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="student" class="com.hpe.www.Student" scope="prototype">
        <property name="name" value="马超"/>
        <property name="id" value="124"/>
        <property name="age" value="23"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="student1" class="com.hpe.www.Student" scope="prototype">
        <property name="name" value="赵云"/>
        <property name="id" value="546"/>
        <property name="age" value="26"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="customerDao" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerDao"/>
    <!-- 创建customerService对象 -->
    <bean id="customerService" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerServiceImp" scope="prototype">
        <!-- 基本数据类型+String     使用value属性注入-->
        <property name="aDouble" value="76.55"/>
        <property name="name" value="神威将军"/>
        <property name="customerDao" ref="customerDao"/>
        <property name="addresses">
            <array>
               <value>深圳</value>
                <value>北京</value>
                <value>上海</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <property name="studentsList">
            <list>
                <ref bean="student"/>
                <ref bean="student1"/>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="studentMap">
            <map>
                <entry key="学生" value-ref="student"/>
                <entry key="学号" value-ref="student1"/>
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="properties">
            <props>
                <prop key="学号">2019</prop>
                <prop key="姓名">小米</prop>
                <prop key="username">root</prop>
                <prop key="password">ww123</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

六、Spring的IOC注解开发

1.1 eclipse 导入aop包

spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE

在applicationcontext中引入context名称空间

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

1.2 开启扫描注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 开启SpringIOC的注解功能
          让springIOC扫描注解类
          base-package: 扫描的类存放的包
      -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hpe.www"/>
    <context:annotation-config/>  <!--开启扫描注解    注解驱动的支持-->
</beans>

1.3 在需要创建对象的类使用注解

@Component(value = "customerService")  //相当于：<bean id="customerServiceImp" class="com.hpe.www.CustomerServiceImp"/>
@Scope("prototype")  //作用域
public class CustomerServiceImp {

    @Value("23.54")
        private double aDouble;
    @Value("神威将军")
        private String name;
    @Autowired
        private CustomerDao customerDao;
        private String []Addresses;
        @Autowired
        private List<Student> studentsList;
        @Autowired
        private Map<String,Student> studentMap;
      
}

@Component(value = "customerService")    value：可以修改bean的id名称

1.4 @Repostory注解

和@Componet一样，为了和三层开发的寓意而设计的注解

这个是为持久层设计的

1.5 @Service注解

和@Componet一样，为了和三层开发的寓意而设计的注解

这个是为业务层设计的

1.6 @Controller注解

和@Componet一样，为了和三层开发的寓意而设计的注解

这个是为表现层设计的

七、依赖注入的注解

1.1 @Autowired

自动根据类型进行注入（在spirng的IOC工厂中查询该类型的对象）

1）@Autowired这个注解的底层不是使用setter或者构造方法注入的，使用Java反射技术，给私有成员直接赋值

2）当Spring环境中没有任何一个匹配的类型，直接报错

3）当前Spring环境中出现多个匹配的类型，这时就可以依赖变量名称查询对应的Bean的ID。如果变量名称匹配不上Bean的ID，则报错。

<bean id="c" class="com.hpe.www.Student" autowire="byName" />
<bean id="c" class="com.hpe.www.Student" autowire="byType" />

1.2 @Qualifier

在 @Autowired的基础上，根据bean的id查询

value:需要获取bean的id

@Autowired
@Qualifier(value = "customerDao111")
    private CustomerDao customerDao;

1.3 @Resource（推荐）

即可以根据Bean的ID匹配，也可以根据类型自动匹配

name: 需要获取bean的id （推荐使用)

注意：

@Autowired：这个注解来自于Spring框架

@Resource：这个注解来自于Sun公司的标准，这个比@Autowired更标准

1.4 @Value

注入普通类型（8种基本类型+String）

的类型，这时就可以依赖变量名称查询对应的Bean的ID。如果变量名称匹配不上Bean的ID，则报错。

<bean id="c" class="com.hpe.www.Student" autowire="byName" />
<bean id="c" class="com.hpe.www.Student" autowire="byType" />

1.2 @Qualifier

在 @Autowired的基础上，根据bean的id查询

value:需要获取bean的id

@Autowired
@Qualifier(value = "customerDao111")
    private CustomerDao customerDao;

1.3 @Resource（推荐）

即可以根据Bean的ID匹配，也可以根据类型自动匹配

name: 需要获取bean的id （推荐使用)

注意：

@Autowired：这个注解来自于Spring框架

@Resource：这个注解来自于Sun公司的标准，这个比@Autowired更标准

1.4 @Value

注入普通类型（8种基本类型+String）

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Spring

Spring一、导包创建项目新建一个lib文件夹[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-asfXmDvg-1612182678306)(C:\Users\511003137\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20201215193103967.png)]二、创建一个接口跟一个实现类建立一个com.hpe.www包实现CustomerServer接口下的work方法package com
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