【Linux】error: cannot open Packages index using db5 - (-30973) 完美解决方法

1、安装报错，报错内容如下：

[root@test ~] yum install httpd -y

error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 8835/139774366890048 failed:
BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library

error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY:
Fatal error, run database recovery

error: cannot open Packages index using db5 - (-30973)

error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm

CRITICAL:yum.main:

Error: rpmdb open failed

2、解决方法如下：

[root@test ~]cd /var/lib/rpm

[root@test rpm]ll

total 178512

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 6684672 Oct 12 14:35 Basenames

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 16384 Oct 12 14:35 Conflictname

-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 311296 Nov 4 17:35 __db.001

-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 90112 Nov 4 17:35 __db.002

-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 1318912 Nov 4 17:35 __db.003

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 2265088 Oct 12 14:35 Dirnames

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 40960 Oct 12 14:35 Group

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 45056 Oct 12 14:35 Installtid

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 118784 Oct 12 14:35 Name

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 24576 Oct 12 14:35 Obsoletename

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 167387136 Oct 12 14:35 Packages

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 3330048 Oct 12 14:35 Providename

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 921600 Oct 12 14:35 Requirename

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 212992 Oct 12 14:35 Sha1header

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 131072 Oct 12 14:35 Sigmd5

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 8192 Oct 12 14:35 Triggername

[root@test rpm] rm -f __db.00*

[root@test rpm] rpm --rebuilddb  重建rpm数据库

[root@test rpm] yum install httpd

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Determining fastest mirrors
epel
| 4.7 kB 00:00:00 extras
| 2.9 kB 00:00:00 os
| 3.6 kB 00:00:00 salt-latest-repo
| 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates
| 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo
| 1.0 MB 00:00:00 (2/4): salt-latest-repo/primary_db
| 42 kB 00:00:00 (3/4): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 7.0 MB 00:00:01 (4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 12 MB 00:00:01 Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos will be updated
—> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1 will be an update
–> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1 for package: httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos will be updated
—> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1 will be an update
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=========================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch
Version Repository
Size
=========================================================================================================================================================================== Updating: httpd x86_64
2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1 updates 2.7 M Updating for dependencies: httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1
updates 93 k

Transaction Summary  

=========================================================================================================================================================================== Upgrade 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 2.8 M   Is this ok [y/d/N]: y   Downloading packages:   No Presto metadata available for updates   (1/2):

httpd-tools-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm
| 93 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm
| 2.7 MB 00:00:01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total
2.2 MB/s | 2.8 MB 00:00:01 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction
Updating : httpd-tools-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/4
Updating : httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1.x86_64 2/4
Cleanup : httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.x86_64 3/4
Cleanup : httpd-tools-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.x86_64 4/4

Updated:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1                                                                                                                                    

Dependency Updated:
httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos.1                                                                                                                              

Complete!

遇到上述问题 需要重建rpm数据库。