BP-1-2 Programming

Chapter 01 Introduction of Programming

2. Programming

2.1 Programming Paradigm

• Imperative programming emphasizes how to do it and gives the computer explicit descriptions of the definite and specific procedure.

  • Procedural programming
    
  • Object-oriented programming
    

• Declarative programming emphasizes what to do and leave everything else to the computer.

  • Functional programming
    
  • Logic programming
    

2.2 Programming Procedure

• requirement analysis
• system design
• system implementation, also called coding
• testing and debugging
• maintenance

2.3 language

• low-level language

  • Machine language can be understand by computer directly, which is composed of 0 and 1.
  • Assembly language highly corresponds to machine language and can also be understood by human though with difficulty. But it must be translated by assembler into machine language for computers to actually understand.

• high-level language, also called programming language

  High-level language must be translated into machine language or assembly language then machine language for computers to understand.

  The main two ways to translate high-level language is compiling by compiler or interpreting by interpreter.

2.4 Comparison

Terminology:

Syntax refers to rules.

Semantics refers to meanings.

Pragmatics refers to occasions and effects.