Springcloud学习笔记

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-06 20:07:08 发布

多啦不能没有梦

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-06 20:07:08 发布

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文章标签： spring cloud 学习

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52117632/article/details/125124895

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一、导入pom包

 <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
        <mapper.starter.version>2.1.5</mapper.starter.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.27</mysql.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- springCloud -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 通用Mapper启动器 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mapper.starter.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mysql驱动 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

二、用案例来测试是否配置成功

2.1导入pom包

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.2配置文件

server:
  port: 9091
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/springcloud
    username: root
    password:xxxxxx
  application:
    name: user-service
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.bukaedu.pojo

2.3Pojo

@Data
@Table(name = "tb_user")
public class User {
    // id
    @Id
    @KeySql(useGeneratedKeys = true)
    private Long id;
    // 用户名
    private String userName;
    // 密码
    private String password;
    // 姓名
    private String name;
    // 年龄
    private Integer age;
    // 性别，1男性，2女性
    private Integer sex;
    // 出生日期
    private Date birthday;
    // 创建时间
    private Date created;
    // 更新时间
    private Date updated;
    // 备注
    private String note;
    // getter和setter省略

}

2.4Mapper

public interface UserMapper extends Mapper<User> {

}

2.5Service

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public User queryById(Long id){
        return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
    }

}

2.6Controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User queryById(@PathVariable Long id){
        return userService.queryById(id);
    }
}

2.7启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.bukaedu.user.mapper")   //注意包名不要写错
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class UserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class,args);
    }
}

该模块结构：

三、创建服务调用上述子模块

3.1导入pom包

  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<dependencies>

3.2Pojo

@Data
public class User {
    // id
    private Long id;
    // 用户名
    private String userName;
    // 密码
    private String password;
    // 姓名
    private String name;
    // 年龄
    private Integer age;
    // 性别，1男性，2女性
    private Integer sex;
    // 出生日期
    private Date birthday;
    // 创建时间
    private Date created;
    // 更新时间
    private Date updated;
    // 备注
    private String note;
    // getter和setter省略

}

3.3Controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("{id}")
    public User queryById(@PathVariable Long id){
        String url="http://localhost:9091/user/"+id;
        return restTemplate.getForObject(url,User.class);
    }
}

3.4启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
    }
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

该子模块结构：

这样就可以通过访问http:localhost:8080/consumer/userId来调用二的模块。

四、设置Eureka

4.1导入pom包

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

4.2启动类

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class);
    }
}

4.3配置文件

server:
  port: 10086
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-server
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka
      register-with-eureka: false
      fetch-registry: false

五、开启Eureka对服务提供方，消费方的访问

5.1服务提供方

5.1.1配置文件

在之前的yml文件中增加以下内容：

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:10086/eureka
  instance:
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 90
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 30

5.1.2启动类

在启动类上边增加如下注解：

@EnableDiscoveryClient

5.2服务消费方

5.2.1配置文件

server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: consumer-demo
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka

5.2.2导入pom包

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

5.2.3启动类

增加如下注解：

@EnableDiscoveryClient

5.2.4Controller层

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
    @GetMapping("{id}")
    public User queryById(@PathVariable Long id){
        String url="http://localhost:9091/user/"+id;
        //获取user-service服务
        List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstanceList=discoveryClient.getInstances("user-service");
        //获取第一个实例
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance=serviceInstanceList.get(0);
        url="http://"+serviceInstance.getHost()+":"+serviceInstance.getPort()+"/user/"+id;
        return restTemplate.getForObject(url,User.class);
    }
}

这样通过访问localhost：8080/consumer/userId即可调用Service服务。

六、配置Eureka集群

配置文件：

server:
  port: ${port:10086}
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-server
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka,http://127.0.0.1:10087/eureka

七、Ribbon负载均衡

7.1设置两个服务提供者

7.2user-service配置文件

7.3服务提供者Usercontroller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private Integer port;
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User queryById(@PathVariable Long id){
        System.out.println(port);
        return userService.queryById(id);
    }
}

7.3服务消费者启动类Consumerapplication

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
    }
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

7.4服务消费者Controller

@GetMapping("/{id}")
   public User queryById(@PathVariable("id")Long id){
        String url="http://user-service/user/"+id;
        User user=restTemplate.getForObject(url,User.class);
        return user;
    }

八、Hystrix

8.1服务消费者导入pom包

       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

8.2启动类

@SpringCloudApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
    }
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

8.3Controller层（单个接口）


@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
@Slf4j

public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

  
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "queryByIdFallback")
    public String queryById(@PathVariable Long id){
        String url="http://localhost:9091/user/"+id;
        String user=restTemplate.getForObject(url,String.class);
        return user;
    }


   public String queryByIdFallback(Long id){
        log.error("查询用户信息失败.id:{}",id);
        return "网络拥挤！";
   }

}

8.4Controller层（整个类）

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
@Slf4j
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "defaultFallback")
public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

  
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
   
    @HystrixCommand
    public String queryById(@PathVariable Long id){
        String url="http://localhost:9091/user/"+id;
        String user=restTemplate.getForObject(url,String.class);
        return user;
    }


   public String queryByIdFallback(Long id){
        log.error("查询用户信息失败.id:{}",id);
        return "网络拥挤！";
   }
   public String defaultFallback(){
        return "对不起，网络拥挤！";
   }
}