本文目的是主要介绍通过STM32F103C8T6接收到字符“s”时,停止持续发送“hello windows!”; 当接收到字符“t”时,持续发送“hello windows!”;接收到字符“stop stm32!”时,停止持续发送“hello windows!”; 当接收到字符“go stm32!”时,持续发送“hello windows!”。
文章目录
前言
※ 在stm32CubeMX环境配置下,去实现串口通信,可参考博主的博客:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52199251/article/details/127348478
※ 本文主要讲解HAL库中断方式进行串口通信。
(一)需求分析
※ 采用串口中断方式,分别实现
:
1)当stm32接收到字符“s”时,停止持续发送“hello windows!”; 当接收到字符“t”时,持续发送“hello windows!”(提示:采用一个全局标量做信号灯);
2)当stm32接收到字符“stop stm32!”时,停止持续发送“hello windows!”; 当接收到字符“go stm32!”时,持续发送“hello windows!”(提示:要将接收到的连续字符保存到一个字符数组里,进行判别匹配。写一个接收字符串的函数。
(二)“小试牛刀”——单字符发收
1.中断模式介绍
● 由于博主已经详细介绍过中断模式了,在这里就不进行赘述,请参考博主:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52199251/article/details/127453957
2.软件配置
2.1 STM32cubeMX
● STM32CubeMX
是被广泛使用的。它集成了芯片选型、引脚分配和功能配置,中间件配置,时钟配置,初始代码和项目的功能。其中 STM32CubeMX
和 STM32Cubeprogrammer
,除了对所有STM32芯片系列,和所有应用的通用支持之外,还有一些对特定应用的支持,比如STM32Cube.AI就是基于STM32CubeMX的插件功能,来把训练好的模型部署到STM32上;还比如在安全固件升级和安全固件安装,即SBSFU和SFI操作里, STM32CubeProgrammer
就启动了代码加密,HSM实例化等功能。STM32支持丰富的开源和ST自主知识产权中间件,比如来自开源社区的FreeRTOS,FatFS,mbedTLS;ST自己的USB主机和设备协议栈,TouchGFX等。
关于STM32CubeMX介绍及安装参考博主:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44629109/article/details/126299438
2.2 Keil
● keil安装
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ttrDhv6kXgAvPiYINf9iGw
提取码:1234
通过以上链接下载mdk和注册器,点击安装mdk,根据提示自行更改软件路径和支持包路径,填写完注册信息后NEXT,等待安装。安装完成,点击Finish。
● 注册
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1T11pBKpD6xc-cNmXBskcaw
提取码:1234
● 支持包安装
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1a7UDSVeLC4ktHNN9lV9oIA
提取码:1234
点击运行下载的支持包,NEXT开始安装,安装完成,点击Finish。
3.串口助手
● 可在CSDN上或官网下载对应的串口小助手。
3.工程新创
● 点击ACCESS TO MCU SELECTOR
● 选择STMF103C8T6芯片。
4.设置RCC
● 可以发现此时芯片部分引脚高亮。
5.设置SYS
● 发现P14、P13
引脚高亮。
6.设置USART
● 发现P10、P9
引脚高亮。
7.设置NVIC
● 点击USART1 global interrupt
。
8.生成项目
(三)代码编译与收发实现
1.在KEIL中进行代码编写
● 点击在main函数前定义全局变量
。
char c;//指令 s:停止 t:开始
char message[]="hello Windows\n";//输出信息
char tips[]="CommandError\n";//提示1
char tips1[]="Start.....\n";//提示2
char tips2[]="Stop......\n";//提示3
int flag=0;//标志 s:停止发送 t:开始发送
● 在main函数中设置接收中断
。
● 函数原型:
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)
● 其函数的功能
功能:串口中断接收,以中断方式接收指定长度数据。
大致过程是,设置数据存放位置,接收数据长度,然后使能串口接收中断。
接收到数据时,会触发串口中断。
再然后,串口中断函数处理,直到接收到指定长度数据
而后关闭中断,进入中断接收回调函数,不再触发接收中断。(只触发一次中断)
● 参数说明:
UART_HandleTypeDef *huart UATR的别名
huart1 *pData 接收到的数据存放地址
Size 接收的字节数
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&c, 1);
2.main函数中的while循环里面添加传输代码
if(flag==1){
//发送信息
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&message, strlen(message),0xFFFF);
//延时
HAL_Delay(1000);
}
3.在main函数下面重写中断处理函数
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
//当输入的指令为s时,发送提示并改变flag
if(c=='s'){
flag=0;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&tips2, strlen(tips2),0xFFFF);
}
//当输入的指令为t时,发送提示并改变flag
else if(c=='t'){
flag=1;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&tips1, strlen(tips1),0xFFFF);
}
//当输入不存在指令时,发送提示并改变flag
else {
flag=0;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&tips, strlen(tips),0xFFFF);
}
//重新设置中断
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&c, 1);
}
4.代码汇总
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include <string.h>
void SystemClock_Config(void);
char c;//指令 s:停止 t:开始
char message[]="hello Windows\n";//输出信息
char tips[]="CommandError\n";//提示1
char tips1[]="Start.....\n";//提示2
char tips2[]="Stop......\n";//提示3
int flag=0;//标志 s:停止发送 t:开始发送
int main(void)
{
HAL_Init();
SystemClock_Config();
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
//设置接受中断
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&c, 1);
//当flag为1时,每秒发送一次信息
//当flag为0时,停止
while (1)
{
if(flag==1){
//发送信息
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&message, strlen(message),0xFFFF);
//延时
HAL_Delay(1000);
}
}
}
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
//当输入的指令为s时,发送提示并改变flag
if(c=='s'){
flag=0;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&tips2, strlen(tips2),0xFFFF);
}
//当输入的指令为t时,发送提示并改变flag
else if(c=='t'){
flag=1;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&tips1, strlen(tips1),0xFFFF);
}
//当输入不存在指令时,发送提示并改变flag
else {
flag=0;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&tips, strlen(tips),0xFFFF);
}
//重新设置中断
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&c, 1);
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
发现没有报错。
5.打开串口助手
实现效果如下:
视频
(四)“大刀阔斧”——字符串发收
1.新建工程
● 生成工程的过程如上:
2.代码编写
● main.c文件代码如下:
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
uint8_t aRxBuffer; //½ÓÊÕÖжϻº³å
uint8_t Uart1_RxBuff[256]; //½ÓÊÕ»º³å
uint8_t str1[20] = "stop stm32";
uint8_t str2[20] = "go stm32";
uint8_t Uart1_Rx_Cnt = 0; //½ÓÊÕ»º³å¼ÆÊý
uint8_t cAlmStr[] = "Êý¾ÝÒç³ö(´óÓÚ256)\r\n";
unsigned int flag = 1;
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&aRxBuffer, 1);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
if(flag == 1)
{
printf("ppm Hello windows!\r\n");
}
else
{
//printf("stop stm32 NO!\r\n");
}
HAL_Delay(500);
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/**
* @brief Rx Transfer completed callbacks.
* @param huart pointer to a UART_HandleTypeDef structure that contains
* the configuration information for the specified UART module.
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(huart);
/* NOTE: This function Should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
the HAL_UART_TxCpltCallback could be implemented in the user file
*/
if (strcmp(Uart1_RxBuff, str1) == 0) flag = 0;
if (strcmp(Uart1_RxBuff, str2) == 0) flag = 1;
//if(Uart1_RxBuff[0]=='g') flag = 1;
//if(Uart1_RxBuff[0]=='s') flag = 0;
if(Uart1_Rx_Cnt >= 255) //Òç³öÅжÏ
{
Uart1_Rx_Cnt = 0;
memset(Uart1_RxBuff,0x00,sizeof(Uart1_RxBuff));
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&cAlmStr, sizeof(cAlmStr),0xFFFF);
}
else
{
Uart1_RxBuff[Uart1_Rx_Cnt++] = aRxBuffer; //½ÓÊÕÊý¾Ýת´æ
if((Uart1_RxBuff[Uart1_Rx_Cnt-1] == 0x0A)&&(Uart1_RxBuff[Uart1_Rx_Cnt-2] == 0x0D)) //ÅжϽáÊøλ
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&Uart1_RxBuff, Uart1_Rx_Cnt,0xFFFF); //½«ÊÕµ½µÄÐÅÏ¢·¢ËͳöÈ¥
Uart1_Rx_Cnt = 0;
memset(Uart1_RxBuff,0x00,sizeof(Uart1_RxBuff)); //Çå¿ÕÊý×é
}
}
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&aRxBuffer, 1); //ÔÙ¿ªÆô½ÓÊÕÖжÏ
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
● 发现无报错
3.烧录打开串口助手
●打开串口助手,实现效果如下:
视频
(五)总结
本文介绍了如何在嵌入式系中通过STM32F103C8T6接收到字符“s”时,停止持续发送“hello windows!”; 当接收到字符“t”时,持续发送“hello windows!”;接收到字符“stop stm32!”时,停止持续发送“hello windows!”; 当接收到字符“go stm32!”时,持续发送“hello windows!”。在转GIF动图的过程中,遇到了一些困难,但耐心细心还是做了下去。
寄语:戒骄戒躁
从容面对
没有任何能伤害你,伤害你的只有你自己。
所以热爱生活,爱惜自己,便可抵挡岁月漫长!
(六)参考文献
[1]https://blog.csdn.net/qq_53112972/article/details/127450778