实验拓扑与要求:
实验步骤:
①配地址
②启动协议并宣告网段
③双点双向重发布
import-route
④在ospf中进行过滤
在R3上查看路由表
[R3]display ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 10 Routes : 18
OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 10 Routes : 18
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
4.4.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
10.0.12.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
10.0.14.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.2.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.3.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.4.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.34.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
可以看到R4的环回口有两条路由,这是因为ospf 协议传递本地环回接口网段时,为 32 位主机路由;但若将本地环回通过重发布导入其他路由时,基于本地路由表中的直连路由进行;若本地直连 路由为其他长度掩码,将使得该网络出现两条掩码不同的路由来在整个网路传递;
解决:1)环回接口配置32 位掩码ip 地址 2)修改环回接口的网络类型
[R4-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
接下来处理172.16.1.0-172.16.4.0
在R2和R4上相同的操作
ip ip-prefix 1 permit 172.16.1.0 24
ip ip-prefix 2 permit 172.16.2.0 24
ip ip-prefix 3 permit 172.16.3.0 24
ip ip-prefix 4 permit 172.16.4.0 24
route-policy 1 deny node 10
if-match ip-prefix 1
route-policy 1 permit node 20
if-match ip-prefix 2
apply cost-type type-1
route-policy 1 permit node 30
if-match ip-prefix 3
apply cost 6
route-policy 1 permit node 40
if-match ip-prefix 4
apply cost 9
apply cost-type type-1
route-policy 1 permit node 50 //末尾隐含拒绝所有,这张空表的意思是允许所有
ospf 1
import-route rip 1 route-policy 1
查看ospf routing
<R3>display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
Routing Tables
Routing for Network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
3.3.3.3/32 0 Stub 3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
10.0.23.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.23.3 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
10.0.34.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.34.3 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
4.4.4.0/24 1 Stub 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
Routing for ASEs
Destination Cost Type Tag NextHop AdvRouter
1.1.1.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4
1.1.1.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.23.2 2.2.2.2
2.2.2.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4
2.2.2.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.23.2 2.2.2.2
10.0.12.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4
10.0.12.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.23.2 2.2.2.2
10.0.14.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4
10.0.14.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.23.2 2.2.2.2
172.16.2.0/24 2 Type1 1 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4
172.16.2.0/24 2 Type1 1 10.0.23.2 2.2.2.2
172.16.3.0/24 6 Type2 1 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4
172.16.3.0/24 6 Type2 1 10.0.23.2 2.2.2.2
172.16.4.0/24 10 Type1 1 10.0.34.4 4.4.4.4
172.16.4.0/24 10 Type1 1 10.0.23.2 2.2.2.2
Total Nets: 18
Intra Area: 4 Inter Area: 0 ASE: 14 NSSA: 0
根据实验要求我们要给2.2.2.0 10.0.12.0 和10.0.14.0 进行最佳选路
[R2]ip ip-prefix xixi permit 2.2.2.0 24
[R2]route-policy 1 permit node 15
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix xixi
[R2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1 //type1优于type2
[R2]ip ip-prefix haha permit 10.0.12.0 24
[R2]route-policy 1 permit node 25
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix haha
[R2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[R4]ip ip-prefix xiha permit 10.0.14.0 24
[R4]route-policy 1 permit node 15
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix xiha
[R4-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
⑤在rip中进行过滤
先看路由表
[R1]display ip routing-table protocol rip
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : RIP
Destinations : 5 Routes : 9
RIP routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 5 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
2.2.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
RIP 100 1 D 10.0.14.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
4.4.4.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.14.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
10.0.23.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
RIP 100 1 D 10.0.14.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
10.0.34.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.14.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
RIP routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
处理4.4.4.0 10.0.23.0 和 10.0.34.0 网段
[R1]ip ip-prefix 4 permit 4.4.4.0 24
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricin ip-prefix 4 2
// 给上面的链路cost值加2
[R1]ip ip-prefix 23 permit 10.0.23.0 24
[R1]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricin ip-prefix 23 2
[R1]ip ip-prefix 34 permit 10.0.34.0 24
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricin ip-prefix 34 2