Python打发无聊时光：8.用kivy库实现滑动控温的空调界面

第一步：装kivy库

在终端输入:

pip install kivy

第二步：复制代码

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.slider import Slider
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.togglebutton import ToggleButton

class AirConditionerApp(App):

    def update_temp_label(self, instance, value):
        # 温度值保留一位小数
        self.temp_label.text = f"Current Temperature: {value:.1f}°C"

    def toggle_ac(self, instance, state):
        if state == 'down':
            self.status_label.text = 'Status: ON'
        else:
            self.status_label.text = 'Status: OFF'

    def build(self):
        # 创建一个垂直的BoxLayout作为容器
        layout = BoxLayout(orientation='vertical', padding=10, spacing=10)

        # 创建一个标签显示空调状态
        self.status_label = Label(text='Status: OFF', font_size='20sp')

        # 创建一个Toggle按钮用来表示空调的开/关状态
        ac_toggle = ToggleButton(text='Power', size_hint=(1, 0.1))
        ac_toggle.bind(state=self.toggle_ac)

        # 创建一个Slider对象用来调节温度
        self.temp_slider = Slider(min=16, max=30, value=24)
        self.temp_slider.bind(value=self.update_temp_label)

        # 创建一个Label对象用来显示当前温度
        self.temp_label = Label(text=f"Current Temperature: {self.temp_slider.value}°C", font_size='20sp')

        # 将组件添加到BoxLayout
        layout.add_widget(self.status_label)
        layout.add_widget(self.temp_slider)
        layout.add_widget(self.temp_label)
        layout.add_widget(ac_toggle)

        return layout

# 运行应用
if __name__ == '__main__':
    AirConditionerApp().run()

第三步：运行结果

        这个简单的空调界面允许用户通过滑动条调节温度，并通过切换按钮来开启或关闭空调。温度的范围是16°C到30°C，这是一个常见的室内温度范围。代码中的温度值在update_temp_label函数中保留了一位小数，你也可以根据需要调整这一设置。

        

第四步：优化完善

        我们可以对程序进行功能上的完善与优化，增加选择空调的工作模式（制冷、制热、自动、通风），设置风速（低、中、高），并且使用一个滑块来设定定时器（从0到240分钟）。每次点击相应的模式或风速按钮时，空调的模式或风速状态将会更新。滑动定时器滑块时，定时器的状态也会随之更新。得到的效果如下：

完整代码如下：

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.slider import Slider
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.togglebutton import ToggleButton
from kivy.uix.button import Button

class AirConditionerApp(App):

    def update_temp_label(self, instance, value):
        self.temp_label.text = f"Current Temperature: {value:.0f}°C"

    def toggle_ac(self, instance, state):
        if state == 'down':
            self.status_label.text = 'Status: ON'
        else:
            self.status_label.text = 'Status: OFF'

    def change_mode(self, instance):
        self.mode_label.text = f"Mode: {instance.text}"

    def adjust_fan_speed(self, instance):
        self.fan_speed_label.text = f"Fan Speed: {instance.text}"

    def set_timer(self, instance):
        self.timer_label.text = f"Timer: {self.timer_slider.value:.0f} min"

    def build(self):
        # 创建一个垂直的BoxLayout作为容器
        layout = BoxLayout(orientation='vertical', padding=10, spacing=10)

        # 创建空调状态标签
        self.status_label = Label(text='Status: OFF', font_size='20sp')

        # 创建温度滑块和标签
        self.temp_slider = Slider(min=16, max=30, value=24)
        self.temp_slider.bind(value=self.update_temp_label)
        self.temp_label = Label(text=f"Current Temperature: {self.temp_slider.value}°C", font_size='20sp')

        # 创建模式选择按钮
        self.mode_label = Label(text='Mode: Auto', font_size='20sp')
        modes = BoxLayout(size_hint_y=None, height=50)
        for mode in ['Cool', 'Heat', 'Auto', 'Fan']:
            btn = Button(text=mode)
            btn.bind(on_release=self.change_mode)
            modes.add_widget(btn)

        # 创建风速选择按钮
        self.fan_speed_label = Label(text='Fan Speed: Medium', font_size='20sp')
        fan_speeds = BoxLayout(size_hint_y=None, height=50)
        for speed in ['Low', 'Medium', 'High']:
            btn = Button(text=speed)
            btn.bind(on_release=self.adjust_fan_speed)
            fan_speeds.add_widget(btn)

        # 创建定时器滑块和标签
        self.timer_slider = Slider(min=0, max=240, value=0)
        self.timer_slider.bind(value=self.set_timer)
        self.timer_label = Label(text='Timer: Off', font_size='20sp')

        # 创建空调开关按钮
        ac_toggle = ToggleButton(text='Power', size_hint=(1, 0.1))
        ac_toggle.bind(state=self.toggle_ac)

        # 将组件添加到BoxLayout
        layout.add_widget(self.status_label)
        layout.add_widget(self.temp_label)
        layout.add_widget(self.temp_slider)
        layout.add_widget(self.mode_label)
        layout.add_widget(modes)
        layout.add_widget(self.fan_speed_label)
        layout.add_widget(fan_speeds)
        layout.add_widget(self.timer_label)
        layout.add_widget(self.timer_slider)
        layout.add_widget(ac_toggle)

        return layout

# 运行应用
if __name__ == '__main__':
    AirConditionerApp().run()