数字图像处理实验边缘检测、图像分割、图像合成等

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-16 16:40:38 发布

放氮气的蜗牛

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-16 16:40:38 发布

阅读量349

点赞数

分类专栏： Matlab数字图像处理实验文章标签： matlab 图像处理计算机视觉

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_53762188/article/details/124887825

版权

Matlab数字图像处理实验专栏收录该内容

14 篇文章 9 订阅

订阅专栏

内容要求:
采用图1，Matlab编程实现如下处理结果:
1、转换为灰度图像;
2、将夜空中的星星当作噪声滤除;.
3、将月亮、山脉和湖泊进行图像分割，并填充成
不同的灰度级做标记;
4、计算月亮的面积;
5、将校徽logo叠加在月球中心，大小一致;

先上效果图：

输入图像、图像灰度化、滤除星星

clc
clear
close all

%----------------------------灰度化和中值滤波-------------------------------
Image = imread('1.png');    % 读取图片
Gray = rgb2gray(Image);     % 图像灰度化

% 滤除星星
Med = medfilt2(Gray,[6,6]);    % 5*5中值滤波
figure;
subplot(1,3,1);imshow(Image);title('原图像');
subplot(1,3,2);imshow(Gray);title('灰度图像');
subplot(1,3,3);imshow(Med);title('中值滤波');

用Sobel算子进行边缘检测

%--------------------------分割月亮、山脉和湖泊-----------------------------
% Sobel算子分割
Med = im2double(Med);
 
mBlock = fspecial('sobel');
 
mImgDy = imfilter(Med, mBlock, 'replicate');
mImgDx = imfilter(Med, mBlock','replicate');
mImgDxy = sqrt(mImgDy.*mImgDy+mImgDx.*mImgDx);

figure;
subplot(1,2,1),imshow(Med),title('灰度图');
subplot(1,2,2),imshow(mat2gray(mImgDxy)),title('sobel梯度图');

标记边缘和优化边缘痕迹

% 标记湖泊边缘
Fenge = mImgDxy;
[n,m] = size(Med);
for j = 1:m
    Fenge(360,j) = 1;
end

% 突出月亮
Fenge = imfill(Fenge,'holes');   % 填充黑色背景内的白色部分

% 优化山脉边缘
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if Fenge(i,j) >= 0.33
            Fenge(i,j) = 1;
        end
    end
end

% 转为二值图像
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if Fenge(i,j) ~= 1
            Fenge(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end

月亮、山脉和湖泊分为不同灰度级

% 不同灰度分别标记
% 湖泊
for j = 1:m
    for i = n:-1:360
        if Fenge(i,j) == 0
            Fenge(i,j) = 0.3;
        end
    end
end

% 山脉
for j = 1:m
    for i = 359:-1:1
        if Fenge(i,j) == 0
            Fenge(i,j) = 0.6;
        end
        if Fenge(i,j) == 1
            break;
        end
    end
end

% 月亮
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if Fenge(i,j) == 1
            Fenge(i,j) = 0.1;
        end
    end
end

Fenge = Fenge + Med;
figure;
imshow(Fenge);title('分割图像');

计算月亮面积并记录在TXT内

%------------------------------计算月亮面积---------------------------------
mImgDxy = imfill(mImgDxy,'holes');   % 填充黑色背景内的白色部分
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if mImgDxy(i,j) > 1
            mImgDxy(i,j) = 1;
        end
    end
end
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if mImgDxy(i,j) < 1
            mImgDxy(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end
round_area = regionprops(mImgDxy,'Area');
fprintf('月亮面积是%f Area\n',round_area(1,1).Area);
% 记录在TXT文件内
fid=fopen('S.txt','a+');
fprintf(fid,'%s\r\n',sprintf('月亮面积是%f Area\n',round_area(1,1).Area));

月亮和二工大logo合成

%--------------------------月亮和二工大logo合成-----------------------------
logo = imread('logo.png');    % 读取logo图片

% 滤除背景
[n,m] = size(logo);
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if logo(i,j) >= 235
            logo(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end

% 对logo三个通道中值滤波
R = logo(:,:,1);
G = logo(:,:,2);
B = logo(:,:,3);
 
R = medfilt2(R,[4,4]);
G = medfilt2(G,[4,4]);
B = medfilt2(B,[4,4]);
 
logo = cat(3,R,G,B);
% figure;
% imshow(logo);title('logo图像');

% 取两张图片的三个通道
logo = imresize(logo,0.4);  % logo图像缩小以匹配月亮大小
R_logo=logo(:,:,1);
G_logo=logo(:,:,2);
B_logo=logo(:,:,3);

HeCheng = Image;
R_HeCheng = HeCheng(:,:,1);
G_HeCheng = HeCheng(:,:,2);
B_HeCheng = HeCheng(:,:,3);

% 计算月亮所处坐标
[n,m] = size(mImgDxy);
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
            hang = i;
            break
        end
    end
    if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
        break
    end
end

for j = 1:m
    for i = 1:n
        if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
            lie = j;
            break
        end
    end
    if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
        break
    end
end
% 通过三个通道合成
[n,m] = size(logo);
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:162
        R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + R_logo(i,j);
        G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + G_logo(i,j);
        B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + B_logo(i,j);
    end
end
HeCheng = cat(3,R_HeCheng,G_HeCheng,B_HeCheng);
figure;
imshow(HeCheng);title('合成图像');

二工大logo覆盖月亮

% 通过三个通道覆盖
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:162
        if logo(i,j) == 0           
            R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + R_logo(i,j);
            G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + G_logo(i,j);
            B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + B_logo(i,j);
        else
            R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = R_logo(i,j);
            G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = G_logo(i,j);
            B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = B_logo(i,j);
        end
    end
end
FuGai = cat(3,R_HeCheng,G_HeCheng,B_HeCheng);
figure;
imshow(FuGai);title('覆盖图像');

完整代码

clc
clear
close all

%----------------------------灰度化和中值滤波-------------------------------
Image = imread('1.png');    % 读取图片
Gray = rgb2gray(Image);     % 图像灰度化

% 滤除星星
Med = medfilt2(Gray,[6,6]);    % 5*5中值滤波
figure;
subplot(1,3,1);imshow(Image);title('原图像');
subplot(1,3,2);imshow(Gray);title('灰度图像');
subplot(1,3,3);imshow(Med);title('中值滤波');

%--------------------------分割月亮、山脉和湖泊-----------------------------
% Sobel算子分割
Med = im2double(Med);
 
mBlock = fspecial('sobel');
 
mImgDy = imfilter(Med, mBlock, 'replicate');
mImgDx = imfilter(Med, mBlock','replicate');
mImgDxy = sqrt(mImgDy.*mImgDy+mImgDx.*mImgDx);

% figure;
% subplot(1,2,1),imshow(Med),title('灰度图');
% subplot(1,2,2),imshow(mat2gray(mImgDxy)),title('sobel梯度图');

% 标记湖泊边缘
Fenge = mImgDxy;
[n,m] = size(Med);
for j = 1:m
    Fenge(360,j) = 1;
end

% 突出月亮
Fenge = imfill(Fenge,'holes');   % 填充黑色背景内的白色部分

% 优化山脉边缘
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if Fenge(i,j) >= 0.33
            Fenge(i,j) = 1;
        end
    end
end

% 转为二值图像
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if Fenge(i,j) ~= 1
            Fenge(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end

% 不同灰度分别标记
% 湖泊
for j = 1:m
    for i = n:-1:360
        if Fenge(i,j) == 0
            Fenge(i,j) = 0.3;
        end
    end
end

% 山脉
for j = 1:m
    for i = 359:-1:1
        if Fenge(i,j) == 0
            Fenge(i,j) = 0.6;
        end
        if Fenge(i,j) == 1
            break;
        end
    end
end

% 月亮
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if Fenge(i,j) == 1
            Fenge(i,j) = 0.1;
        end
    end
end

Fenge = Fenge + Med;
figure;
imshow(Fenge);title('分割图像');

%------------------------------计算月亮面积---------------------------------
mImgDxy = imfill(mImgDxy,'holes');   % 填充黑色背景内的白色部分
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if mImgDxy(i,j) > 1
            mImgDxy(i,j) = 1;
        end
    end
end
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if mImgDxy(i,j) < 1
            mImgDxy(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end
round_area = regionprops(mImgDxy,'Area');
fprintf('月亮面积是%f Area\n',round_area(1,1).Area);
% 记录在TXT文件内
fid=fopen('S.txt','a+');
fprintf(fid,'%s\r\n',sprintf('月亮面积是%f Area\n',round_area(1,1).Area));

%--------------------------月亮和二工大logo合成-----------------------------
logo = imread('logo.png');    % 读取logo图片

% 滤除背景
[n,m] = size(logo);
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if logo(i,j) >= 235
            logo(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end

% 对logo三个通道中值滤波
R = logo(:,:,1);
G = logo(:,:,2);
B = logo(:,:,3);
 
R = medfilt2(R,[4,4]);
G = medfilt2(G,[4,4]);
B = medfilt2(B,[4,4]);
 
logo = cat(3,R,G,B);
% figure;
% imshow(logo);title('logo图像');

% 取两张图片的三个通道
logo = imresize(logo,0.4);  % logo图像缩小以匹配月亮大小
R_logo=logo(:,:,1);
G_logo=logo(:,:,2);
B_logo=logo(:,:,3);

HeCheng = Image;
R_HeCheng = HeCheng(:,:,1);
G_HeCheng = HeCheng(:,:,2);
B_HeCheng = HeCheng(:,:,3);

% 计算月亮所处坐标
[n,m] = size(mImgDxy);
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:m
        if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
            hang = i;
            break
        end
    end
    if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
        break
    end
end

for j = 1:m
    for i = 1:n
        if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
            lie = j;
            break
        end
    end
    if mImgDxy(i,j) == 1
        break
    end
end
% 通过三个通道合成
[n,m] = size(logo);
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:162
        R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + R_logo(i,j);
        G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + G_logo(i,j);
        B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + B_logo(i,j);
    end
end
HeCheng = cat(3,R_HeCheng,G_HeCheng,B_HeCheng);
figure;
imshow(HeCheng);title('合成图像');

% 通过三个通道覆盖
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:162
        if logo(i,j) == 0           
            R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + R_logo(i,j);
            G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + G_logo(i,j);
            B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) + B_logo(i,j);
        else
            R_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = R_logo(i,j);
            G_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = G_logo(i,j);
            B_HeCheng(i+hang-1,j+lie-1) = B_logo(i,j);
        end
    end
end
FuGai = cat(3,R_HeCheng,G_HeCheng,B_HeCheng);
figure;
imshow(FuGai);title('覆盖图像');

放氮气的蜗牛

关注

0
点赞
踩
2

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
打赏
0
评论
数字图像处理实验边缘检测、图像分割、图像合成等

内容要求:采用图1，Matlab编程实现如下处理结果:1、转换为灰度图像;2、将夜空中的星星当作噪声滤除;.3、将月亮、山脉和湖泊进行图像分割，并填充成不同的灰度级做标记;4、计算月亮的面积;5、将校徽logo叠加在月球中心，大小一致;先上效果图：输入图像、图像灰度化、滤除星星clcclearclose all%----------------------------灰度化和中值滤波-------------------------------Image = i
复制链接

扫一扫