注解和反射.代码部分_注解与反射代码-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_54803395/article/details/117674143

annotation

package com.kuang.annotation;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Test01 extends Object{
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return super.toString();
    }
    //Deprecated    不推荐程序员使用，但是可以使用，或者存在更好的方式
    @Deprecated
    public static void test(){
        System.out.println("Deprecated");
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("all")
    public void test02(){
        List list = new ArrayList();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        test();
    }

}

package com.kuang.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

//测试元注解
@MyAnnotation
public class Test02 {
    public void test(){

    }
}


//定义一个注解
//Target    表示我们的注解可以用在哪些地方
@Target(value = {ElementType.METHOD,ElementType.TYPE})

//Retention表示我们的注解在什么地方还有效
//runtime>class>sources
@Retention(value = RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

//Documented    表示是否将我们的注解生成在JAVAdoc中
@Documented
//Inherited 表示子类可以继承父类的注解
@Inherited
@interface MyAnnotation {

}

package com.kuang.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

//自定义注解
public class Test03 {

    //注解可以显示赋值，如果没有默认值，我们就必须给注解赋值
    @MyAnnotation2(name = "秦疆", age = 18)
    public void test(){

    }

    @MyAnnotation3("")
    public void test2(){

    }
}

@Target({ElementType.TYPE,ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface MyAnnotation2{
    //注解的参数：参数类型+参数名（）
    String name() default "";
    int age() default 0;
    int id() default -1;//如果默认值为-1，代表不存在

    String[] schools() default{"西部开源","清华大学"};
}

@Target({ElementType.TYPE,ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface MyAnnotation3{
    String value();//如果注解只有一个值，那么可以使用value命名，可以省略value
}

reflection

package com.kuang.reflection;

//什么叫反射
public class Test02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        //通过反射获取类的Class对象
        Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");
        System.out.println(c1);

        Class c2 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");
        Class c3 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");
        Class c4 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");

        //一个类在内存中只有一个Class对象
        //一个类被加载后，类的整个结构都会被封装在Class对象中
        System.out.println(c2.hashCode());
        System.out.println(c3.hashCode());
        System.out.println(c4.hashCode());
    }
}

//实体类：pojo、entity
class User{
    private String name;
    private int id;
    private  int age;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String name, int id, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    private  void test(){}

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

//测试Class类的创建方式有哪些
public class Test03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        Student person = new Student();
        System.out.println("这个人是："+person.name);

        //方式一：通过对象获得
        Class c1 = person.getClass();
        System.out.println(c1.hashCode());

        //方式二：forName获得
        Class c2 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.Student");
        System.out.println(c2.hashCode());

        //方式三：通过类名.class获得
        Class c3 = Student.class;
        System.out.println(c3.hashCode());

        //方式四：基本内置类型的包装类都有一个Type属性
        Class<Integer> c4 = Integer.TYPE;
        System.out.println(c4);

        //获得父类类型
        Class c5 = c1.getSuperclass();
        System.out.println(c5);
    }
}

class Person{
    public String name;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

class Student extends Person{
    public Student(){
        this.name = "学生";
    }
}

class Teacher extends Person{
    public Teacher(){
        this.name = "老师";
    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;

//所有类型的Class
public class Test04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Class c1 = Object.class;  //类
        Class c2 = Comparable.class;  //接口
        Class c3 = String[].class;  //一维数组
        Class c4 = int[][].class;  //二维数组
        Class c5 = Override.class;  //注解
        Class c6 = ElementType.class;  //枚举
        Class c7 = Integer.class;  //基本数据类型
        Class c8 = void.class;  //void
        Class c9 = Class.class;  //Class

        System.out.println(c1);
        System.out.println(c2);
        System.out.println(c3);
        System.out.println(c4);
        System.out.println(c5);
        System.out.println(c6);
        System.out.println(c7);
        System.out.println(c8);
        System.out.println(c9);

        //只要元素类型、维度一样，就是同一个Class
        int[] a = new int[10];
        int[] b = new int[100];
        System.out.println(a.getClass().hashCode());
        System.out.println(b.getClass().hashCode());
    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

public class Test05 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        A a = new A();
        System.out.println(A.m);

        /*
        1.加载到内存，会产生一个 类对应的Class对象
        2.链接，链接结束后 m = 0；（默认值）
        3.初始化
            <clinit>() {
                    System.out.println("A类静态代码块初始化");
                    m = 300;
                    m = 100;

            }

            所以m = 100
         */
    }
}

class A {
    static {
        System.out.println("A类静态代码块初始化");
        m = 300;
    }

    static int m = 100;
    /*
    先 m = 300
    再 m = 100
     */

    public A() {
        System.out.println("A类的无参构造初始化");
    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

public class Test06 {
    static {
        System.out.println("main类被加载");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        //1.主动引用
        //Son son = new Son();

        //反射也会产生主动引用
        //Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.Son");

        //不会产生类的引用的方法
        //System.out.println(Son.b);

        //Son[] array1 = new Son[5];

        System.out.println(Son.M);


    }
}

class Father {

    static int b = 2;

    static{
        System.out.println("父类被加载");
    }
}

class Son extends Father {

    static {
        System.out.println("子类被加载");
        m = 300;
    }

    static int m = 100;
    static final int M = 1;

}

package com.kuang.reflection;

public class Test07 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {

        //获取系统类的加载器
        ClassLoader systemClassLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
        System.out.println(systemClassLoader);

        //获取系统类加载器的父类加载器-->扩展类加载器
        ClassLoader parent = systemClassLoader.getParent();
        System.out.println(parent);

        //获取扩展类加载器的父类加载器-->根加载器(c/c++)
        ClassLoader parent1 = parent.getParent();
        System.out.println(parent1);

        //测试当前类是哪个加载器加载的
        ClassLoader classLoader = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.Test07").getClassLoader();
        System.out.println(classLoader);

        //测试JDK内置的类是谁加载的
        classLoader  = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getClassLoader();
        System.out.println(classLoader);

        //如何获得系统类加载器可以加载的路径
        System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.class.path"));

        /*
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\charsets.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\deploy.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\javaws.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\jce.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\jfr.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\jsse.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\plugin.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\resources.jar;
        C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_281\jre\lib\rt.jar;
        C:\Users\L\Desktop\JavaSE\out\production\注解和反射;
        C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.3.2\lib\idea_rt.jar

         */

    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

//获得类的信息
public class Test08 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Class<?> c1 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");

        //获得类的名字
        System.out.println(c1.getName());//获得包名+类名
        System.out.println(c1.getSimpleName());//获得类名

        //获得类的属性
        System.out.println("====================");
        Field[] fields = c1.getFields();//只能找到public属性
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.println(field);
        }

        fields = c1.getDeclaredFields();//找到全部属性
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.println(field);
        }

        //获得指定属性的值
        System.out.println("====================");
        Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");
        System.out.println(name);

        //获得类的方法
        System.out.println("====================");
        Method[] methods = c1.getMethods();//获得本类及其父类的全部public方法
        for (Method method : methods) {
            System.out.println("正常的："+method);
        }

        methods = c1.getDeclaredMethods();//获得本类的所有方法
        for (Method method : methods) {
            System.out.println("getDeclaredMethods："+method);
        }

        //获得指定的方法
        System.out.println("====================");
        Method getName = c1.getMethod("getName", null);
        Method setName = c1.getMethod("setName", String.class);
        System.out.println(getName);
        System.out.println(setName);

        //获得构造器
        System.out.println("====================");
        Constructor[] constructors = c1.getConstructors();
        for (Constructor constructor : constructors) {
            System.out.println("正常的："+constructor);
        }

        constructors = c1.getDeclaredConstructors();
        for (Constructor constructor : constructors) {
            System.out.println("getDeclaredConstructors："+constructor);
        }

        //获得指定的构造器
        System.out.println("====================");
        Constructor declaredConstructor = c1.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class, int.class, int.class);
        System.out.println("指定"+declaredConstructor);


    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

//动态的创建对象，通过反射
public class Test09 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchFieldException {
        //获得class对象
        Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");

        //构造一个对象
        User user = (User) c1.newInstance();//本质上是调用了类的无参构造器
        System.out.println(user);

        //通过构造器创建对象
        Constructor constructor = c1.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class, int.class, int.class);
        User user2 = (User)constructor.newInstance("秦疆",001,18);
        System.out.println(user2);

        //通过反射调用调用普通方法
        User user3 = (User)c1.newInstance();
        //通过反射获取一个方法
        Method setName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("setName", String.class);

        //invoke：激活的意思
        //（对象，“方法的值”）
        setName.invoke(user3,"狂神");
        System.out.println(user3.getName());

        //通过反射操作属性
        System.out.println("===========================");
        User user4 = (User)c1.newInstance();
        Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");

        //不能直接操作私有属性，我们需要关闭程序的安全检测，属性或方法的setAccessible(true)
        name.setAccessible(true);
        name.set(user4,"狂神2");
        System.out.println(user4.getName());
    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class Test10 {
    public static void test01() {
        User user = new User();

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++) {
            user.getName();
        }

        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("普通方式执行10亿次："+(endTime-startTime)+"ms");

    }

    //反射方式调用
    public static void test02() throws NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
        User user = new User();
        Class c1 = user.getClass();

        Method getName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("getName", null);

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++) {
            getName.invoke(user,null);
        }

        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("反射方式执行10亿次："+(endTime-startTime)+"ms");

    }

    //反射方式调用  关闭检测
    public static void test03() throws NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
        User user = new User();
        Class c1 = user.getClass();

        Method getName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("getName", null);
        getName.setAccessible(true);

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++) {
            getName.invoke(user,null);
        }

        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("关闭检测执行10亿次："+(endTime-startTime)+"ms");

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException {
        test01();
        test02();
        test03();
    }
}

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

//通过反射获取泛型
public class Test11 {

    public void test01(Map<String,User>map, List<User>list){
        System.out.println("test01");
    }

    public Map<String,User> test02(){
        System.out.println("test02");
        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException {
        Method method = Test11.class.getMethod("test01", Map.class, List.class);

        Type[] genericParameterTypes = method.getGenericParameterTypes();
        for (Type genericParameterType : genericParameterTypes) {
            System.out.println("#"+genericParameterType);
            if (genericParameterType instanceof ParameterizedType){
                Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) genericParameterType).getActualTypeArguments();
                for (Type actualTypeArgument : actualTypeArguments) {
                    System.out.println(actualTypeArgument);
                }
            }
        }

        method = Test11.class.getMethod("test02",null);
        Type genericReturnType = method.getGenericReturnType();
        if (genericReturnType instanceof ParameterizedType){
            Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) genericReturnType).getActualTypeArguments();
            for (Type actualTypeArgument : actualTypeArguments) {
                System.out.println(actualTypeArgument);
            }
        }
    }

}

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.annotation.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;

//练习反射操作注解
public class Test12 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException {
        Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.Student2");

        //通过反射获得注解
        Annotation[] annotations = c1.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            System.out.println(annotation);
        }

        //获得注解的value的值
        Tablekuang tablekuang = (Tablekuang)c1.getAnnotation(Tablekuang.class);
        String value = tablekuang.value();
        System.out.println(value);

        //获得类指定的注解
        Field f = c1.getDeclaredField("id");
        Fieldkuang annotation = f.getAnnotation(Fieldkuang.class);
        System.out.println(annotation.columnName());
        System.out.println(annotation.type());
        System.out.println(annotation.length());

    }



}

@Tablekuang("db_student")
class Student2 {

    @Fieldkuang(columnName = "db_id",type = "int",length = 10)
    private int id;
    @Fieldkuang(columnName = "db_age",type = "int",length = 10)
    private int age;
    @Fieldkuang(columnName = "db_name",type = "varchar",length = 3)
    private String name;

    public Student2() {
    }

    public Student2(int id, int age, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student2{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}


//类名的注解
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Tablekuang {
    String value();
}

//属性的注解
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Fieldkuang {
    String columnName();
    String type();
    int length();
}