C# 互斥锁

  当两个或多个进程需要请求共享资源时，如果想限制仅限一个进程，可以使用 Mutex，仅第一个线程独占访问权限，第二个线程进入等待，直到第一个进程释放权限

// 基本语法
private static Mutex mut = new Mutex();
mut.WaitOne(1000);    // 获取互斥体
mut. ReleaseMutex ;   // 释放互斥体

实例方法thread1以及thread2 中都对a字段赋值

class Program
    {
        public static int a = 0;

        public static void thread1()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                a = 100;
                Console.WriteLine("thread1 return value of a = {0}", a);
                Thread.Sleep(500);             
                a++;
                Console.WriteLine("thread1 return value of a = {0}", a);
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(thread1));
            thread.Start();

            while (true)
            {
                a = 1;
                Console.WriteLine("--thread2 return value of = {0}", a);
                Thread.Sleep(500);             
                a++;
                Console.WriteLine("--thread2 return value of a = {0}", a);
            }
        }
    }

// 输出结果

//--thread2 return value of = 1
//thread1 return value of a = 100
//thread1 return value of a = 101
//thread1 return value of a = 100
//--thread2 return value of a = 102
//--thread2 return value of = 1
//--thread2 return value of a = 2
//thread1 return value of a = 3
//thread1 return value of a = 100
//--thread2 return value of = 1

thread2 在遇到第一个sheep时被睡眠了，转到thread1中执行，也同样被睡眠，此时a的值取到101，然后0.5秒后thread2苏醒，自加得到值102，并不是如预期那样thread1，100,101循环输出

using System;
using System.Diagnostics.Metrics;
using System.Threading;

namespace mutex_test
{
    class Program
    {
        public static int a = 0;
        // Mutex 的 name 要唯一
        public static Mutex mutex = new Mutex();
        public static void thread1()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                mutex.WaitOne();
                a = 100;
                Console.WriteLine("thread1 return value of a = {0}", a);
                Thread.Sleep(500);             
                a++;
                Console.WriteLine("thread1 return value of a = {0}", a);
                mutex.ReleaseMutex();
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(thread1));
            thread.Start();

            while (true)
            {
                mutex.WaitOne();
                a = 1;
                Console.WriteLine("--thread2 return value of = {0}", a);
                Thread.Sleep(500);             
                a++;
                Console.WriteLine("--thread2 return value of a = {0}", a);
                mutex.ReleaseMutex();
            }
        }
    }

// 输出结果
--thread2 return value of = 1
--thread2 return value of a = 2
thread1 return value of a = 100
thread1 return value of a = 101
--thread2 return value of = 1
--thread2 return value of a = 2
thread1 return value of a = 100
thread1 return value of a = 101
}

添加互斥锁后，thread2获取互斥锁，在未释放前，thread1没有访问权限进入等待