全虚拟化和半虚拟化的特点和区别

全虚拟化

        全虚拟化是通过客户机和宿主机之间一个虚拟化逻辑层Hypervisor来完全模拟底层硬件细节

半虚拟化

        半虚拟化是通过实现修改的客户机操作系统内核共享宿主机底层硬件来实现

全虚拟化的优缺点

        优点:操作系统内核不需要做特殊配置,部署便利,灵活,兼容性好

        缺点:客户机操作系统的内核不能够直接管理底层硬件,内核需要通过Hypervisor管理底层硬件需要有转换开销,性能比半虚拟化要弱

半虚拟化的优缺点

        优点:半虚拟化虚拟机操作系统内核能够直接管理底层硬件,性能比全虚拟化技术更强,而且消耗资源少

        缺点:客户机操作系统内核需要事先进行修改,部署的便利性和灵活性都不够

两者区别

       半虚拟化需要更改系统内核,而全虚拟化不需要更改系统内核 

        

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In 1998, VMware figured out how to virtualize the x86 platform, once thought to be impossible, and created the market for x86 virtualization. The solution was a combination of binary translation and direct execution on the processor that allowed multiple guest OSes to run in full isolation on the same computer with readily affordable virtualization overhead. The savings that tens of thousands of companies have generated from the deployment of this technology is further driving the rapid adoption of virtualized computing from the desktop to the data center. As new vendors enter the space and attempt to differentiate their products, many are creating confusion with their marketing claims and terminology. For example, while hardware assist is a valuable technique that will mature and expand the envelope of workloads that can be virtualized, paravirtualization is not an entirely new technology that offers an “order of magnitude” greater performance. While this is a complex and rapidly evolving space, the technologies employed can be readily explained to help companies understand their options and choose a path forward. This white paper attempts to clarify the various techniques used to virtualize x86 hardware, the strengths and weaknesses of each, and VMware’s community approach to develop and employ the most effective of the emerging virtualization techniques. Figure 1 provides a summary timeline of x86 virtualization technologies from VMware’s binary translation to the recent application of kernel paravirtualization and hardware-assisted virtualization.
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