多线程
1、线程、进程、多线程
1.1Process与Thread
- 程序是指令和数据的有序集合,其本身没有任何运行的含义,是一个静态的概念
- 进程则是执行程序的一次执行过程,它是一个动态的概念。是系统资源分配的单位
- 通常是一个进程中可以包含若干个程序,当然一个进程中至少有一个线程,不然没有存在的意义。线程是CPU调度和执行的单位
核心概念:
- 线程就是独立的执行路径
- 在程序运行时,及时没有自己创建线程,后台也会有多个线程,如主线程,gc线程
- main()称之为主线程,为系统的入口,用于执行整个程序
- 在一个进程中,如果开辟了多个线程,线程的运行有调度器安排调度,调度器是与操作系统紧密相关的,先后顺序是不能被干预的
- 对同一份资源操作时,会存在资源抢夺的问题,需要加入并发控制
- 线程会带来额外的开销,如cpu调度时间,并发控制开销
- 每个线程在自己的工作内存交互,内存控制不当会造成数据不一致
2、线程创建(Thread,Runnable,Callable)
2.1 继承Thread类
-
自定义线程类继承Thread
-
重写run方法,编写线程执行体
-
创建线程对象,调用start()方法启动线程32
-
不建议使用:避免OOP单继承局限性
package lesson01; public class TestThread extends Thread{ @Override public void run() { //run方法线程体 for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { System.out.println("我在看代码----"+i); } } public static void main(String[] args) { //main线程,主线程 //创建一个线程对象 TestThread testThread = new TestThread(); //调用start()方法开启线程 testThread.start(); for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { System.out.println("我在学习多线程---"+i); } } }
总结:注意,线程开启不一定立即执行,由CPU调度执行
网络下载图片
package lesson01;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
//练习Thread,实现多线程同步下载图片
public class TestThread2 extends Thread{
private String url; //网络图片地州
private String name; //网络文件名
public TestThread2(String url,String name) {
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
//下载图片线程的执行体
@Override
public void run() {
WebDownload webDownload = new WebDownload();
webDownload.downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载了文件名:"+name);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestThread2 testThread1 = new TestThread2(
"https://imgoss.ilive.cn/image/202405/09/1715236250755_365x204.jpg","3.jpg");
TestThread2 testThread2 = new TestThread2(
"https://imgoss.ilive.cn/image/202405/09/1715236250755_365x204.jpg","4.jpg");
TestThread2 testThread3 = new TestThread2(
"https://imgoss.ilive.cn/image/202405/09/1715236250755_365x204.jpg","5.jpg");
//同时执行
testThread1.start();
testThread2.start();
testThread3.start();
}
}
//下载器
class WebDownload{
//下载方法
public void downloader(String url,String name){
try {
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("IO异常,downloader方法出现问题");
}
}
}
2.2 实现Runnable(推荐使用,因为Java单继承的局限性)
- 定义MyRunnable类实现Runnable接口
- 实现run()方法,编写线程执行体
- 创建线程对象,调用start()方法启动线程
- 推荐使用:避免单继承局限性,灵活方便,方便同一个对象被多个线程使用
package lesson01;
public class TestThread3 implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
//run方法线程体
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我在看代码----"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建Runnable接口的实现类对象
TestThread3 testThread3 = new TestThread3();
//创建线程对象,通过线程对象来开启我们的线程代理
Thread thread = new Thread(testThread3);
thread.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我在学习多线程---"+i);
}
}
}
多线程同时操作同一个对象
发现问题:多线程操作同一个资源的情况下,线程不安全,数据紊乱
package lesson01;
//买火车票的例子
public class TestThread4 implements Runnable{
//票数
private int ticketNums = 10;
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
if (ticketNums<=0){
break;
}
//模拟延迟
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->拿到了第"+ticketNums--+"张票");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestThread4 testThread4 = new TestThread4();
new Thread(testThread4,"小明").start();
new Thread(testThread4,"小红").start();
new Thread(testThread4,"小绿").start();
}
}
2.3 案例:龟兔赛跑
- 首先来个赛道距离,然后离终点越来越近
- 判断比赛是否结束了
- 打印出胜利者
- 龟兔赛跑开始
- 故事中是乌龟赢了,兔子需要睡觉
- 终于,乌龟赢得比赛
package lesson01;
//模拟龟兔赛跑
public class Race implements Runnable{
//胜利者
private static String winner;
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
//模拟兔子休息
if (Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("兔子") && i%10==0){
try {
Thread.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//判断比赛是否结束
boolean flag = gameOver(i);
if (flag){
break;
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->跑了"+i+"步");
}
}
//判断是否完成比赛
private boolean gameOver(int steps) {
//判断是否有胜利者
if (winner != null) { //已经存在胜利者
return true;
}
{if (steps>=100){
winner = Thread.currentThread().getName();
System.out.println("Winner is"+winner);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Race race = new Race();
new Thread(race,"兔子").start();
new Thread(race,"乌龟").start();
}
}
2.4 Callable了(了解)
- 实现Callable接口,需要返回值类型
- 重写call方法,需要抛出异常
- 创建目标对象
- 创建执行服务:ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(t1);
- 提交执行: Future result1 = ser.submit(t1);
- 获取结果: boolean r1 =result1.get()
- 关闭服务:ser.shutdownNow();
2.5 静态代理
package lesson02;
public class StaticProxy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WeddingCompany weddingCompany = new WeddingCompany(new You());
weddingCompany.HappyMarry();
}
}
interface Marry{
void HappyMarry();
}
//真实角色
class You implements Marry{
@Override
public void HappyMarry() {
System.out.println("我和樊可结婚");
}
}
//代理角色
class WeddingCompany implements Marry{
//代理谁,真实角色
private Marry target;
WeddingCompany(Marry target) {
this.target = target;
}
@Override
public void HappyMarry() {
before();
this.target.HappyMarry(); //这是真实对象
after();
}
private void after() {
System.out.println("结婚之后");
}
private void before() {
System.out.println("结婚之前");
}
}
总结:
- 真实对象和代理对象都要实现同一个接口
- 代理对象要代理真实角色
好处:
- 真实对象专注做自己的事情
- 代理对象可以做很多真实对象做不了的事
2.6 Lambda表达式
-
λ希腊字母表中的第十一位字母,英文名为Lambda
-
避免匿名内部类定义过多
-
其实质属于函数编程的概念
- (params) ->expression[表达式]
- (params)->statement(语句)
- (params) ->{statements}
new Thread (() -> System.out.println("多线程学习。。。")).start();
-
为什么要使用lambda表达式
- 避免匿名内部类定义过多
- 代码更简洁
- 去掉无意义的代码,只有核心逻辑
-
函数式接口(Functional Interface)定义:
-
任何接口,如果只包含唯一一个抽象方法,那么它就是一个函数式接口
public interface Runnable{
public abstract void run();}
-
对于函数式接口,可以通过lambda表达式来创建该接口的对象
-
package lesson02;
public class TestLambda {
//3.静态内部类
static class Like2 implements ILike{
@Override
public void lambda() {
System.out.println("i like lambda2");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ILike like = new Like();
like.lambda();
like = new Like2();
like.lambda();
//4.局部内部类
class Like3 implements ILike{
@Override
public void lambda() {
System.out.println("i like lambda3");
}
}
like = new Like3();
like.lambda();
//5.匿名内部类,没有类的名称必须借助接口或者父类
like = new ILike() {
@Override
public void lambda() {
System.out.println("i like lambda4");
}
};
like.lambda();
//6.同lambda简化
like = () ->{
System.out.println("i like lambda5");
};
like.lambda();
}
}
//1.定义一个函数式接口
interface ILike{
void lambda();
}
//2.实现类
class Like implements ILike{
@Override
public void lambda() {
System.out.println("i like lambda");
}
}
package lesson02;
public class TestLambda02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.lambda表示简化
ILove love = (int a) -> {
System.out.println("i love you-->" + a);
};
//简化1.参数类型
love =(a) ->{
System.out.println("i love you-->" + a);
};
//简化2.简化括号
love = a->{
System.out.println("i love you-->" + a);
};
//简化3.去掉花括号
love = a->System.out.println("i love you-->" + a);
love.love(520);
}
interface ILove {
void love(int a);
}
}
总结:
- lamdba表达式只能有一行代码的情况下才能简化成为一行,如果有多行,那么就用代码块包裹
- 前提是接口为函数式接口
- 多个参数也可以去掉参数类型,要去掉就都去掉,必须加上括号
3、线程状态
3.1 停止线程
- 不推荐使用JDK提供的stop()、destroy()方法。【已废弃】
- 推荐线程自己停止下来
- 建议使用一个标志位进行终止变量当flag=false,则终止线程运行
package lesson03;
//测试stop
public class TestStop implements Runnable{
//1.设置一个标识位
private boolean flag =true;
@Override
public void run() {
int i =0;
while (flag){
System.out.println("run....Thread"+i++);
}
}
//2.设置一个公开的方法停止线程,转换标志位
public void stop(){
this.flag = false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestStop testStop = new TestStop();
new Thread(testStop).start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("main"+i);
if (i==900){
//调用stop方法切换标志位,让线程停止
testStop.stop();
System.out.println("线程该停止了");
}
}
}
}
3.2 线程休眠
- sleep(时间)指定当前线程阻塞的毫秒数
- sleep存在异常InterruptedException
- sleep时间达到后线程进入就绪状态
- sleep可以模拟网络延迟时,倒计时等
- 每一个对象都有一个锁,sleep不会释放锁
作用:放大延迟的发生性
package lesson03;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
//模拟倒计时
public class TestSleep {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//打印当前系统时间
Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
while (true){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//模拟倒计时
public static void tenDown() throws InterruptedException{
int num =10;
while (true){
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(num--);
if (num<0){
break;
}
}
}
}
3.3 线程礼让
- 礼让线程,让当前正在执行的线程暂停,但不阻塞
- 将线程从运行状态转为就绪状态
- 让CPU重新调度,礼让不一定成功!看CPU心情
package lesson03;
//测试礼让线程
public class TestYield {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyYield myYield = new MyYield();
new Thread(myYield,"a").start();
new Thread(myYield,"b").start();
}
}
class MyYield implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程开始执行");
Thread.yield(); //礼让
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程停止执行");
}
}
3.4 线程强制执行
- Join合并线程,待此线程执行完成后,再执行其他线程,其他线程阻塞
- 可以想象成插队
package lesson03;
//测试join方法
public class TestJoin implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("线程vip来了"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
//启动我们的线程
TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
thread.start();
//主线程
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
if (i==200){
thread.join(); //插队
}
System.out.println("main"+i);
}
}
}
3.5 线程状态观测
Thread.State
package lesson03;
//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("");
});
//观察状态
Thread.State state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state); //NEW
//观察重启后
thread.start(); //启动线程
state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state); //Run
//只要线程不终止,就一直输出状态
while (state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){
Thread.sleep(100);
state = thread.getState(); //更新线程状态
System.out.println(state); //输出状态
}
}
}
3.6 线程优先级
- java提供一个线程调度器来监控程序中启动后进入就绪状态的所有线程,线程调度器按照优先级决定应该调度哪个线程来执行
- 线程的优先级用数字表示,范围从1-10
- Thread.MIN_PRIORITY = 1;
- Thread.MAX_PRIORITY = 10;
- Thread.NORM_PRIORITY = 5;
- 使用一下方式改变或获取优先级
- getPriority().setPriority(int xxx)
- 优先级的设定建议在start()调度前
- 优先级只是意味着获得调度的概率低,并不是优先级低就不会被调用
package lesson03;
//测试线程的优先级
public class TestPriority {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//主线程默认优先级
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();
Thread t1 =new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t2 =new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t3 =new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t4 =new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t5 =new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t6 =new Thread(myPriority);
//先设置优先级,在启动
t1.start();
t2.setPriority(1);
t2.start();
t3.setPriority(4);
t3.start();
t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY); //10
t4.start();
}
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
}
}
3.7 守护(daemon)线程
- 线程分为用户线程和守护线程
- 虚拟机必须确保用户线程执行完毕
- 虚拟机不用等待守护线程执行完毕
- 如,后台记录操作日志,监控内存,垃圾回收等
package lesson03;
public class TestDaemon {
public static void main(String[] args) {
God god = new God();
You you = new You();
Thread thread = new Thread(god);
thread.setDaemon(true); //默认是false表示是用户线程,正常的线程都是用户线程
thread.start(); //上帝线程启动
new Thread(you).start(); //你线程启动
}
}
//上帝
class God implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
System.out.println("God Bless You");
}
}
}
//你
class You implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 40000; i++) {
System.out.println("Live a happy life");
}
System.out.println("Goodbye");
}
}
4、线程同步
并发:同一个对象被多个线程同时操作
锁机制:synchronized
- 由于同一进程的多个线程共享同一块储存空间,在带来方便的同时,也带来了访问冲突问题,为了保证数据在方法中被访问的正确性,在访问时加入锁机制synchronized,当一个线程获得对象的排它锁,独占资源,其他线程必须等待,使用后释放锁即可,存在一下问题:
- 一个线程持有锁会导致其他所有需要此锁的线程挂起
- 在多线程竞争下,加锁,释放锁会导致比较多的上下文切换和调度延时,引起性能问题
- 如果一个优先级高的线程等待一个优先级低的线程释放锁,会导致优先级倒置,引起性能问题
线程不安全:线程同时分配出现负数
package lesson04;
//不安全的买票
public class UnsafeBuyTicket
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
BuyTicket station = new BuyTicket();
new Thread(station,"me").start();
new Thread(station,"you").start();
new Thread(station,"yellowCow").start();
}
}
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
//票
private int ticketNums = 10;
boolean flag = true;//外部停止方式
@Override
public void run() {
//买票
while (flag){
try {
buy();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
private void buy() throws InterruptedException {
//判断是否有票
if (ticketNums<=0){
flag = false;
return;
}
//模拟延时
Thread.sleep(100);
//买票
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
}
}
package lesson04;
//不安全取钱
//两个人去银行取钱,账户
public class UnsafeBank {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//账户
Account account = new Account(100, "结婚基金");
Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50, "你");
Drawing girlFriend = new Drawing(account,100,"girlFriend");
you.start();
girlFriend.start();
}
}
//账户
class Account{
int money;
String name;
public Account(int money, String name) {
this.money = money;
this.name = name;
}
}
//银行:模拟取款
class Drawing extends Thread{
Account account;//账户
//取了多少钱
int drawingMoney;
//现在手里有多少钱
int nowMoney;
public Drawing(Account account,int drawingMoney,String name){
super(name);
this.account = account;
this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
}
//取钱
@Override
public void run(){
//判断有没有钱
if (account.money-drawingMoney<0){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,去不了");
return;
}
//sleep可以放大问题的发生性
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
//卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱
account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
//你手里的钱
nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;
System.out.println(account.name +"余额为"+account.money);
//Thread.currentThread().getName() = this.getName()
System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱:"+nowMoney);
}
}
4.1 同步方法
-
由于我们可以通过private关键字来保证数据对象只能被方法访问,所以我们只需要针对方法提出一套机制,这套机制就是synchronized关键字,它包括两种方法:synchronized和synchronized块
同步方法:public synchronized void method(int args){}
-
synchronized方法控制对“对象”的访问,每个对象对应一把锁,每个synchronized方法都必须获得调用该方法的对象的锁才能执行,否则线程会堵塞,方法一旦执行,就独占该锁,直该方法返回才释放锁,后面被阻塞的线程才能获得这个锁,继续执行
- 缺陷:若将一个大的方法申明为synchronized将会影响效率
//取钱
@Override
public void run(){
synchronized (account){
//判断有没有钱
if (account.money-drawingMoney<0){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,去不了");
return;
}
//sleep可以放大问题的发生性
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
//卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱
account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
//你手里的钱
nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;
System.out.println(account.name +"余额为"+account.money);
//Thread.currentThread().getName() = this.getName()
System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱:"+nowMoney);
}
}
JUC安全类型的集合:防止指令重拍和内存可见性
```java
package lesson04;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
//测试JUC安全类型的集合
public class TestJUC {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
new Thread(()->{
list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}).start();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
System.out.println(list.size());
}
}
4.2 死锁
多个线程各自占有一些资源,并且互相等待其他线程占有的资源才能运行,而导致两个或者多个线程都在等待对方释放资源,都停止执行情形,某一个同步块同时拥有“两个以上的锁时”,就可能会发生“死锁”的问题
发生死锁
两个线程同时获得锁
package lesson04;
//死锁
public class DeadLock {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MakeUp g1 = new MakeUp(0, "fanke");
MakeUp g2 = new MakeUp(1, "jjq");
g1.start();
g2.start();
}
}
//口红
class Lipstick{
}
//镜子
class Mirror{
}
class MakeUp extends Thread {
//需要的资源只有一份,用static来保证只有一份
static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();
int choice; //选择
String girlName; //使用化妆品的人
MakeUp(int choice, String girlName) {
this.choice = choice;
this.girlName = girlName;
}
@Override
public void run() {
//化妆
try {
MakeUp();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//
private void MakeUp() throws InterruptedException {
if (choice == 0) {
synchronized (lipstick) { //获得口红的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
Thread.sleep(1000);
synchronized (mirror) { //一秒钟后获得镜子的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
}
}
} else {
synchronized (mirror) { //获得镜子的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
Thread.sleep(2000);
synchronized (lipstick) { //一秒钟后获得口红的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
}
}
}
}
}
private void MakeUp() throws InterruptedException {
if (choice == 0) {
synchronized (lipstick) { //获得口红的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
synchronized (mirror) { //一秒钟后获得镜子的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
}
} else {
synchronized (mirror) { //获得镜子的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
synchronized (lipstick) { //一秒钟后获得口红的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
}
}
}
更改后,拿到锁后释放锁,死锁解除
死锁避免方法:
- 产生死锁的四个必要条件
- 互斥条件:一个资源每次只能被一个进程使用
- 请求与保持条件:一个进程因请求资源而阻塞时,对已获得的资源保持不放
- 不剥夺条件:进程已获得的资源,在未使用完之前,不能强行剥夺
- 循环等待条件:若干进程之间形成一种头尾相接的循环等待资源关系
package lesson04;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
//可重入锁
public class TestLock {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestLock2 testLock2 = new TestLock2();
new Thread(testLock2).start();
new Thread(testLock2).start();
new Thread(testLock2).start();
}
}
class TestLock2 implements Runnable{
int ticketNums = 10;
//定义lock锁
private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
try {
lock.lock(); //加锁
if (ticketNums>0){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
System.out.println(ticketNums--);
}else {
break;
}
}finally {
//解锁
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
}
5、线程协作
生产者消费者问题
0708147877)
package lesson05;
//测试:生产者消费者模型--》利用缓冲区解决:管程法
//生产者、消费者、产品、缓冲区
public class TestPc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SynContainer container = new SynContainer();
new Productor(container).start();
new Consumer(container).start();
}
}
//生产者
class Productor extends Thread{
SynContainer container;
public Productor(SynContainer container){
this.container = container;
}
//生产
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
container.push(new Chicken(i));
System.out.println("生产了"+i+"只鸡");
}
}
}
//消费者
class Consumer extends Thread{
SynContainer container;
public Consumer(SynContainer container){
this.container = container;
}
//消费
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("消费了-->"+container.pop().id+"只鸡");
}
}
}
//产品
class Chicken{
int id;//产品编号
public Chicken(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
}
//缓冲区
class SynContainer{
//需要一个容器的大小
Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];
//容器计数器
int count = 0;
//生产者放入产品
public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken){
//如果容器满了,就需要等待消费者消费
if (count==chickens.length){
//通知消费者消费,生产等待
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//如果没有满,我们就丢入产品
chickens[count] = chicken;
count++;
//可以通知消费者消费了
this.notifyAll();
}
//消费者消费产品
public synchronized Chicken pop(){
//判断是否消费
if (count==0){
//等待生产者生产,消费者等待
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//如果可以消费
count--;
Chicken chicken = chickens[count];
//吃完了,通知生产者生产
this.notifyAll();
return chicken;
}
}
package lesson05;
//测试生产者消费者问题2:信号灯法,标志位解决
public class TestPc2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TV tv = new TV();
new Player(tv).start();
new Watcher(tv).start();
}
}
//生产者-->演员
class Player extends Thread{
TV tv;
public Player(TV tv){
this.tv = tv;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
if (i%2==0){
this.tv.play("节目");
}else {
this.tv.play("广告");
}
}
}
}
//消费者-->观众
class Watcher extends Thread{
TV tv;
public Watcher(TV tv){
this.tv=tv;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
tv.watch();
}
}
}
//产品-->观众
class TV{
//演员表演,观众等待 T
//观众观看,演员等待 F
String voice; //表演的节目
boolean flag =true;
//表演
public synchronized void play(String voice){
if (!flag){
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
System.out.println("演员表演了"+voice);
//通知观众观看
this.notifyAll();//通知唤醒
this.voice = voice;
this.flag = !this.flag;
}
//观看
public synchronized void watch(){
if (flag){
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("观看了"+voice);
//通知演员表演
this.notifyAll();
this.flag = !this.flag;
}
}
package lesson05;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class TestPool {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.创建服务,创建线程池
//newFixedThreadPool 参数为:线程池大小
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
//执行
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
//2.关闭连接
service.shutdown();
}
}
class MyThread implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("观看了"+voice);
//通知演员表演
this.notifyAll();
this.flag = !this.flag;
}
}
package lesson05;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class TestPool {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.创建服务,创建线程池
//newFixedThreadPool 参数为:线程池大小
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
//执行
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
//2.关闭连接
service.shutdown();
}
}
class MyThread implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}