GUI编程
组件：
-
窗口
-
弹窗
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面板
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文本框
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列表框
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按钮
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图片
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监听事件
-
鼠标
-
键盘事件
-
破解工具
1、简介
GUI核心开发技术: Swing AWT（不流行的原因）
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界面不美观
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需要jre环境
为什么我们还要学习？
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可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
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工作的时候，可能需要维护到Swing界面，（这个方面比较老了，一般用不到）
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了解MVC架构，了解监听
2、AWT
2.1、AWT介绍
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包含了很多类和接口
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元素：窗口、按钮、文本框...
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java.awt
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2.2、组件和容器
1、窗口Frame
//Frame,JDK 看源码
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小 w h
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置背景颜色 Color
frame.setBackground(new Color(4, 153, 69));
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200,200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
问题：发现窗口关闭不掉，终止程序运行就可以
封装：创建多个窗口
public class TestFrame02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//展示多个窗口
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.yellow);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.green);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id = 0; //可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color) throws HeadlessException {
super("Myframe+"+(++id));
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
2、面板Panel
解决了窗口关闭事件
package com.fy.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
//Panel面板 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在，需要放在Frame上
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(200,200,300,300);
//背景颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(12, 175, 12));
//panel 设置坐标，相对于frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,200,200);
//背景颜色
panel.setBackground(new Color(163, 9, 32));
//frame.add(panel)添加面板到窗口
frame.add(panel);
//设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//这种关闭方法需要写很多东西，很麻烦
// frame.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() {
// @Override
// public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) { }
// @Override
// public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { }
// @Override
// public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { }
// @Override
// public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) { }
// @Override
// public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) { }
// @Override
// public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) { }
// @Override
// public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) { }
// });
//适配器模式：
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
}) ;
}
}
2.3、布局管理器
2.3.1、流式布局：FlowLayout
package com.fy.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//设置可见
frame.setVisible(true);
//组件---按钮组件
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
//设置为流式布局
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); 按钮居中
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); 按钮靠左
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
//设置大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//把按钮添加上去
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
}
}
2.3.2、东西南北中：BorderLayout
package com.fy.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button east = new Button("East");
Button west = new Button("West");
Button south = new Button("South");
Button north = new Button("North");
Button center = new Button("Center");
frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setSize(400,400);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
2.3.3、表格布局：GridLayout
package com.fy.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
//三行两列
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
frame.add(btn1);
frame.add(btn2);
frame.add(btn3);
frame.add(btn4);
frame.add(btn5);
frame.add(btn6);
frame.pack(); //Java函数，自动选择最优秀的位置确立
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(400,400);
}
}
总结
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Frame是一个顶级窗口
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Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中
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布局管理器
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流式布局
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东西南北中
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表格布局
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大小、定位、背景颜色、可见性、监听
练习
package com.fy.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class Exercise {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.创建窗口
Frame frame = new Frame();
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setBounds(200,200,500,400);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
//2.创建面板
Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
//3. 添加按钮
//上面
panel1.add(new Button("Button-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel1.add(new Button("Button-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
panel2.add(new Button("Button-3"));
panel2.add(new Button("Button-4"));
panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//下面
panel3.add(new Button("Button-5"),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel3.add(new Button("Button-6"),BorderLayout.WEST);
for (int i = 7; i < 11; i++) {
panel4.add(new Button("Button-"+i));
}
panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//4.窗口添加面板
frame.add(panel1);
frame.add(panel3);
//5.监听关闭
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
2.4、事件监听
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事件监听：当某个事情发生时，需要干什么？
package com.fy.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮，触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
//因为addActionListener() 需要一个ActionListener，所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(400,400);
windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
}
//关闭窗口事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听，当按下按钮，需要干什么（这里按下按钮输出"aaa"）
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("aaa");
}
}
2. 多个按钮，共用一个监听事件：
package com.fy.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestActionEvent02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//两个按钮，实现同一个监听
//开始 停止
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
//可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值
//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.pack();
frame.setSize(400,400);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg-"+e.getActionCommand());
}
}
2.5、输入框 TextField 监听
package com.fy.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.FileReader;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//启动
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
public MyFrame() {
//创建一个文本框
TextField textField = new TextField();
//添加文本框
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下enter，就会触发这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获取一些资源，返回的一个对象
System.out.println(field.getText()); //获得输入框的文本
//enter 清空
field.setText("");
}
}
2.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习
oop原则：组合 大于 继承
目前代码：
package com.fy.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算机类
class Calculator extends Frame {
public Calculator() {
//3 个文本框
TextField field1 = new TextField(10);
TextField field2 = new TextField(10);
TextField field3 = new TextField(20);
//1 个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(field1,field2,field3));
//1 个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//流式布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(field1);
add(label);
add(field2);
add(button);
add(field3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
private TextField field1;
private TextField field2;
private TextField field3;
//获取三个变量
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField field1,TextField field2,TextField field3) {
this.field1 = field1;
this.field2 = field2;
this.field3 = field3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(field1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(field2.getText());
//2.将这个值 + 法运算后，放在第三个框
field3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3.删除前两个框
field1.setText("");
field2.setText("");
}
}
完全改造为面向对象写法：
package com.fy.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算机类
class Calculator extends Frame {
//属性
TextField field1,field2,field3;
//方法
public void loadFrame() {
//3 个文本框
//1 个按钮
//1 个标签
field1 = new TextField(10); //字符数
field2 = new TextField(10);
field3 = new TextField(20);
Button button = new Button("=");
Label label = new Label("+");
//按下按钮需要发生的事件
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
//流式布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(field1);
add(label);
add(field2);
add(button);
add(field3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
//获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类
Calculator calculator = null;
public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
this.calculator = calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
//2.将这个值 + 法运算后，放在第三个框
//3.删除前两个框
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.field1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.field2.getText());
calculator.field3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
calculator.field1.setText("");
calculator.field2.setText("");
}
}
内部类（更好的包装）：
package com.fy.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算机类
class Calculator extends Frame {
//属性
TextField field1,field2,field3;
//方法
public void loadFrame() {
//3 个文本框
//1 个按钮
//1 个标签
field1 = new TextField(10); //字符数
field2 = new TextField(10);
field3 = new TextField(20);
Button button = new Button("=");
Label label = new Label("+");
//按下按钮需要发生的事件
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
//流式布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(field1);
add(label);
add(field2);
add(button);
add(field3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
//监听器类
//内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法！
private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
//2.将这个值 + 法运算后，放在第三个框
//3.删除前两个框
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(field1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(field2.getText());
field3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
field1.setText("");
field2.setText("");
}
}
}
2.7、画笔
package com.fy.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame {
public void loadFrame() {
setBounds(200,200,500,400);
setVisible(true);
}
//画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画笔，需要颜色，可以画画
g.setColor(Color.red);
//g.drawOval(100,100,100,100); //圆
g.fillOval(100,100,100,100); //实心的圆
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(150,200,200,200); //矩形
//养成习惯，画笔用完，将它还原到最初的颜色
}
}
2.8、鼠标监听
目的：想要实现鼠标画画
package com.fy.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
//鼠标类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
//画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
ArrayList points;
//画板，窗口
public MyFrame(String title){
//画板的标题，画板的位置、大小
super(title);
setBounds(200,200,400,300);
//存鼠标的点
points = new ArrayList<>();
//鼠标监听器
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画，监听鼠标的事件，遍历存储鼠标点击的点的集合
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
//鼠标点击的点，应该有鼠标点击的位置、大小，点有颜色
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
}
}
//监听类，适配器模式---继承它的实现类
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
//鼠标 按下、弹起、按住不放
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
//e.getSource();返回当前对象，这里返回鼠标对象
MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
//这里，我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！
//这个点就是鼠标的点
//把鼠标点击的点的位置添加到集合中
points.add(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
//每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
frame.repaint(); //执行完一次就会刷新一下
}
}
}
逻辑关系：
2.9、窗口监听
package com.fy.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//窗口监听
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
//窗口类
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
public WindowFrame() {
setVisible(true);
setBackground(Color.MAGENTA);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
//addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
this.addWindowListener(
//匿名内部类
new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowOpened--窗口已打开");
}
//关闭窗口
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowClosing--正在关闭");
System.exit(0);
}
//激活窗口
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("窗口被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated--窗口激活");
}
}
);
}
}
2.10、键盘监听
package com.fy.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
//键盘监听
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame {
public KeyFrame() {
setBounds(1,2,300,400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
//键盘按下
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
//获取键盘按下的键是哪一个，当前的码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); //不需要记这个数值，直接使用静态属性VK_XXX
System.out.println(keyCode);
if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
//根据按下不同的操作，产生不同的结果！！
}
});
}
}
3、Swing
3.1、窗口、面板
package com.fy.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo {
//init(); 初始化
public void init() {
//顶级窗口
JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
jFrame.setVisible(true);
jFrame.setBounds(200,200,400,400);
//设置文字 JLabel
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("JFrame学习");
jFrame.add(jLabel);
//让文本标签居中 setHorizontalAlignment：设置水平对齐
jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//容器实例化：JFrame是窗口，也是一个容器，实例化才能看得见，才能设置
Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane();
contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
contentPane.setVisible(true);
//contentPane.setBounds(10,10,200,200);
//关闭事件
jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
3.2、弹窗
JDialog，用来被弹出，默认具有关闭事件
package com.fy.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(700,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 放东西，容器
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//绝对布局
contentPane.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框"); //创建
button.setBounds(30,30,200,200);
//点击这个按钮的时候弹出一个弹窗，需要一个监听事件
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialogDemo();
}
});
contentPane.add(button);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
public MyDialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
//弹窗默认有关闭功能
//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(null);
Label label = new Label("学习GUI");
label.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
contentPane.add(label);
}
}
3.3、标签
3.3.1、label
new JLabel("XXX");
3.3.2、图标 ICON
package com.fy.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标是一个接口，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
public int width;
public int height;
public IconDemo() {
}
public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
public void init() {
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15,15);
//图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上
JLabel Label = new JLabel("iconDemo",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(Label);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return this.width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return this.height;
}
}
3.3.3、图片Icon
package com.fy.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo() {
//获取图片的地址,getResource：通过class这个类获取当前class这个类下的同级资源
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("java.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,300,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
3.4、面板
3.3.1、JPanel
package com.fy.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//添加文本，表格布局两行一列，间距10
contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));
JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));
jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
contentPane.add(jPanel1);
contentPane.add(jPanel2);
contentPane.add(jPanel3);
contentPane.add(jPanel4);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.pack();
this.setSize(500,500);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
3.3.2、JScrollPanel（滚动条）
package com.fy.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,20);
jTextArea.setText("学习中");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
contentPane.add(jScrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
3.5、按钮
3.5.1、图片按钮
package com.fy.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变成图标
URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("java.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
//把这个图标加在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(300,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
3.5.2、单选按钮
package com.fy.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo02() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将图片变成图标
URL url = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("java.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
//单选框
JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
//由于单选框只能选择一个，分组（三个分在一个组里，这个组只能选择一个）
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
group.add(radioButton1);
group.add(radioButton2);
group.add(radioButton3);
container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo02();
}
}
3.5.3、复选按钮
package com.fy.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo03(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
URL url = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("java.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
//多选框
JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");
JCheckBox checkBox03 = new JCheckBox("checkBox03");
container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(checkBox03,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(300,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo03();
}
}
3.6、列表
3.6.1、下拉框
package com.fy.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//下拉框
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
status.addItem(null);
status.addItem("正在上映");
status.addItem("已下架");
status.addItem("即将上映");
container.add(status);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo01();
}
}
3.6.2、列表框
package com.fy.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
//列表框
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo02() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//生成列表的内容
//String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
Vector contents = new Vector();
//列表中需要放内容
JList JList = new JList(contents);
contents.add("张三");
contents.add("李四");
contents.add("王五");
container.add(JList);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo02();
}
}
-
应用场景：
-
选择地区，或者一些单个选项
-
列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容
-
3.7、文本框
3.7.1、文本框
package com.fy.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JTextField textField01 = new JTextField("hello");
JTextField textField02 = new JTextField("world",20);
container.add(textField01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(textField02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo01();
}
}
3.7.2、密码框
package com.fy.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo02() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(); //*****
passwordField.setEchoChar('*');
container.add(passwordField);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo02();
}
}
3.7.3、文本域
package com.fy.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,20);
jTextArea.setText("学习中");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
contentPane.add(jScrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
贪吃蛇
帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧，连起来就是动画，拆开就是静态的图片！
键盘监听
定时器Timer
package com.fy.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
frame.setResizable(false); //窗口大小不可变
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//正常游戏界面都应该在面板上
frame.add(new GamePanel());
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
package com.fy.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
//数据中心
public class Date {
//相对路径 Java.jpg
//绝对路径 / 相当于当前的项目
public static URL headerURL = Date.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
public static URL upURL = Date.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
public static URL downURL = Date.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
public static URL leftURL = Date.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
public static URL rightURL = Date.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
public static URL bodyURL = Date.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
public static URL foodURL = Date.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}
package com.fy.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;
//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
//定义蛇的数据结构
int length; //蛇的长度
int[] snakeX = new int[600]; //蛇的X坐标25*25
int[] snakeY = new int[500]; //蛇的Y坐标25*25
String fx; //初始方向向右
//食物的坐标
int foodx;
int foody;
Random random = new Random();
int score; //成绩
//游戏当前的状态
boolean isStart = false; //默认是不开始
boolean isFail = false; //游戏失败状态
//定时器 以毫秒为单位 1000ms = 1s
Timer timer = new Timer(100,this); //监听这个对象，100毫秒刷新一次
//构造器
public GamePanel() {
init();
//获得焦点和键盘事件
this.setFocusable(true); //获得焦点事件
this.addKeyListener(this); //获得当前键盘监听事件，如果写在别的类，那就new一个
timer.start(); //游戏一开始，定时器就启动
}
//初始化方法
public void init(){
length = 3;
snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100; //脑袋的坐标
snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100; //第一个身体的坐标
snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100; //第二个身体的坐标
fx = "R"; //初始方向向右
//把食物随机分布在界面上
foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
score = 0;
}
//绘制面板，我们游戏中的所有东西，都是用这个画笔来画
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g); //清屏：不会出现闪烁，不用的话会出现闪烁
//绘制静态的面板
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
Date.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,0); //头部广告栏画上去
g.fillRect(25,75,850,600); //默认的游戏界面
//画积分
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18)); //Font.BOLD：粗体
g.drawString("长度："+length,750,35);
g.drawString("分数："+score,750,50);
//画食物
Date.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);
//把小蛇画上去
if (fx.equals("R")) {
Date.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}else if (fx.equals("L")){
Date.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}else if (fx.equals("U")) {
Date.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}else if (fx.equals("D")) {
Date.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
}
//蛇的身体增加，用动态表示
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
Date.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
}
//游戏状态
if (isStart == false) {
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40)); //Font.BOLD：粗体
g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
}
//失败判断
if (isFail) {
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40)); //Font.BOLD：粗体
g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始",300,300);
}
}
//键盘监听事件
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); //获得键盘按下的是哪一个按键
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) { //如果按下的是空格键
if (isFail) {
//重新开始
isFail = false;
init();
}else {
isStart = !isStart; //取反
}
repaint();
}
//小蛇移动
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
fx = "U";
}else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
fx = "D";
}else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
fx = "L";
}else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
fx = "R";
}
}
//事件监听---需要通过固定时间来刷新，1s=10次
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (isStart && isFail==false) { //如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来
//吃食物
if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody) {
length++; //长度 + 1
//分数+10
score += 10;
//再次随机生成食物
foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
}
//移动
for (int i = length-1; i > 0; i--) { //后一节移到前一节的位置，snake[1] = snake[0];
snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1]; //向前移动一节
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
}
//走向
if (fx.equals("R")) {
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
if (snakeX[0]>850) { snakeX[0] = 25; } //边界判断
}else if (fx.equals("L")) {
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
if (snakeX[0]<25) { snakeX[0] = 850; } //边界判断
}else if (fx.equals("U")) {
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
if (snakeY[0]<75) { snakeY[0] = 650; } //边界判断
}else if (fx.equals("D")) {
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
if (snakeY[0]>650) { snakeY[0] = 75; } //边界判断
}
//失败判定，撞到自己就算失败
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]) {
isFail = true;
}
}
repaint(); //重画页面
}
timer.start(); //定时器开始
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
}
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