计算机视觉编程 2（图片处理）

目录

轮廓图、直方图

 图像数组表示

灰色度变化

直方图均衡化

 图片平均

 图片模糊

---

轮廓图、直方图

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *

# 添加中文字体支持
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
font = FontProperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\SimSun.ttc", size=14)
im = array(Image.open('图片路径').convert('L'))  # 打开图像，并转成灰度图像

figure()
subplot(121)
gray()
contour(im, origin='image')
axis('equal')
axis('off')
title(u'图像轮廓', fontproperties=font)

subplot(122)
hist(im.flatten(), 128)
title(u'图像直方图', fontproperties=font)
plt.xlim([0,260])
plt.ylim([0,1800])

show()

 图像数组表示

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *

im = array(Image.open('图片路径'))
print (im.shape, im.dtype)
im = array(Image.open('图片路径').convert('L'),'f')
print (im.shape, im.dtype)

灰色度变化

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from numpy import *
from pylab import *

im = array(Image.open('图片路径').convert('L'))
print (int(im.min()), int(im.max()))

im2 = 255 - im  # invert image
print (int(im2.min()), int(im2.max()))

im3 = (100.0/255) * im + 100  # clamp to interval 100...200
print (int(im3.min()), int(im3.max()))

im4 = 255.0 * (im/255.0)**2  # squared
print (int(im4.min()), int(im4.max()))

figure()
gray()
subplot(1, 3, 1)
imshow(im2)
axis('off')
title(r'$f(x)=255-x$')

subplot(1, 3, 2)
imshow(im3)
axis('off')
title(r'$f(x)=\frac{100}{255}x+100$')

subplot(1, 3, 3)
imshow(im4)
axis('off')
title(r'$f(x)=255(\frac{x}{255})^2$')
show()

直方图均衡化

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *
from PCV.tools import imtools

# 添加中文字体支持
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
font = FontProperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\SimSun.ttc", size=14)

im = array(Image.open('图片路径').convert('L'))  # 打开图像，并转成灰度图像
#im = array(Image.open('../data/AquaTermi_lowcontrast.JPG').convert('L'))
im2, cdf = imtools.histeq(im)

figure()
subplot(2, 2, 1)
axis('off')
gray()
title(u'原始图像', fontproperties=font)
imshow(im)

subplot(2, 2, 2)
axis('off')
title(u'直方图均衡化后的图像', fontproperties=font)
imshow(im2)

subplot(2, 2, 3)
axis('off')
title(u'原始直方图', fontproperties=font)
#hist(im.flatten(), 128, cumulative=True, normed=True)
hist(im.flatten(), 50, density=True)

subplot(2, 2, 4)
axis('off')
title(u'均衡化后的直方图', fontproperties=font)
#hist(im2.flatten(), 128, cumulative=True, normed=True)
hist(im2.flatten(), 50, density=True)

show()

 

 图片平均

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PCV.tools.imtools import get_imlist
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *
from PCV.tools import imtools

# 添加中文字体支持
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
font = FontProperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\SimSun.ttc", size=14)

filelist = get_imlist('图片集路径') #获取c文件夹下的图片文件名(包括后缀名)
avg = imtools.compute_average(filelist)

for impath in filelist:
        im1 = array(Image.open(impath))
        subplot(2, 2, filelist.index(impath)+1)
        imshow(im1)
        imNum=str(filelist.index(impath)+1)
        title(u'待平均图像'+imNum, fontproperties=font)
        axis('off')
subplot(2, 2, 4)
imshow(avg)
title(u'平均后的图像', fontproperties=font)
axis('off')

show()

 图片模糊

 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *
from scipy.ndimage import filters

# 添加中文字体支持
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
font = FontProperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\SimSun.ttc", size=14)

#im = array(Image.open('board.jpeg'))
im = array(Image.open('图片路径').convert('L'))

figure()
gray()
axis('off')
subplot(1, 4, 1)
axis('off')
title(u'原图', fontproperties=font)
imshow(im)

for bi, blur in enumerate([2, 5, 10]):
  im2 = zeros(im.shape)
  im2 = filters.gaussian_filter(im, blur)
  im2 = np.uint8(im2)
  imNum=str(blur)
  subplot(1, 4, 2 + bi)
  axis('off')
  title(u'标准差为'+imNum, fontproperties=font)
  imshow(im2)

#如果是彩色图像，则分别对三个通道进行模糊
#for bi, blur in enumerate([2, 5, 10]):
#  im2 = zeros(im.shape)
#  for i in range(3):
#    im2[:, :, i] = filters.gaussian_filter(im[:, :, i], blur)
#  im2 = np.uint8(im2)
#  subplot(1, 4,  2 + bi)
#  axis('off')
#  imshow(im2)

show()