【运维能力提升计划-4】Java网络编程

Java网络编程

TCP实现聊天

客户端

//客户端
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TcpClientdemo01 {
    private static void main(String[] args) {
        Socket socket = null;
        OutputStream os = null;
        try {
            InetAddress serverIP = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
            int port = 9999;
            // 创建socket连接
            socket = new Socket(serverIP, port);
            // 发送消息IO流
            os = socket.getOutputStream();
            os.write("hello!".getBytes());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (os != null) {
                try {
                    os.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // TODO: handle exception
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (socket != null) {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // TODO: handle exception
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

服务器端

//服务器端
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

import javax.sound.sampled.Port;

public class TcpServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
        Socket socket = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        ByteArrayInputStream baos = null;
        try {
            serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
            socket = serverSocket.accept();
            is = socket.getInputStream();
            baos = new ByteArrayInputStream();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while ((len = is.read(buff)) != -1) {
                baos.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
            System.out.println(baos.toString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (baos != null) {
                try {
                    baos.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // TODO: handle exception
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // TODO: handle exception
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (socket != null) {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // TODO: handle exception
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (serverSocket != null) {
                try {
                    serverSocket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // TODO: handle exception
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

---

初识Tomcat

C/S架构和B/S架构
服务器端

• 自定义 S
• Tomcat服务器 S

客户端

• 自定义 C
• 浏览器 B

UDP

发消息，不用连接，需要知道对方的地址

服务器端

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class UdpCLientDemo01{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个socket
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        //建个包
        String msg = "你好，服务器！";
        //发送给谁
        InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        int port = 9090;
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(),msg.length(),localhost,port);

        //发送包
        socket.send(packet);
        //关闭流
        socket.close();
    }
}

客户端

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class udpserver {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length, socket);

        socket.receive(packet);

        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
        socket.close();
    }
}

多线程实现UDP聊天

思路：通过在一个类里创建两个线程，一个用来发送消息，一个用来接收消息，实现了全双工的聊天程序。
实例中老师和学生两个类分别创建发送和接收两个线程来实现聊天。
具体实现如下：

老师类

package com.queryor.lesson03.chat;

public class TalkTeacher {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new TalkSend(5555,"localhost",8888)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(9999,"学生")).start();
    }
}

学生类

package com.queryor.lesson03.chat;

public class TalkStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new TalkSend(7777,"localhost",9999)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(8888,"老师")).start();
    }
}

发送消息类

package com.queryor.lesson03.chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class TalkSend implements Runnable{
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;
    private String toIp;
    private int fromPort;
    private int toPort;

    public TalkSend(int fromPort, String toIp, int toPort) {
        this.toIp = toIp;
        this.fromPort = fromPort;
        this.toPort = toPort;
        try {
            socket = new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            try {
                String data = reader.readLine();
                byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress(this.toIp,this.toPort));
                socket.send(packet);
                if(data.equals("bye")){
                    break;
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
        System.out.println("send over");
    }
}

接收消息类

package com.queryor.lesson03.chat;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class TalkReceive implements Runnable{
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    private int port;
    private String msgFrom;
    public TalkReceive(int port,String msgFrom) {
        this.port = port;
        this.msgFrom = msgFrom;
        try {
            socket = new DatagramSocket(this.port);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            try {
                byte[] container = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container,0,container.length);
                socket.receive(packet);

                //断开连接
                byte[] data = packet.getData();
                String receiveData = new String(data,0,data.length,"utf-8");
                System.out.println(msgFrom+":"+receiveData);
                System.out.println(receiveData);
                if(receiveData.trim().equals("bye")){
                    System.out.println(receiveData);
                    break;
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
        System.out.println("receive over");
    }
}