【Python-matplotlib】曲线下方填色的概率(高斯)分布图

Python-matplotlib 曲线下方填色的概率(高斯)分布图

这里直接把代码放上来方便日后再次使用，主要是曲线下方填色比较好看

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import scipy.stats as st 


def plot_gaussian_distribution(means, stds, n_basesample=1000, alpha_line=0.5, alpha_fill=0.6):
    """
    Args:
        means: list of mean
        stds: list of standard deviation
        n_basesample: num of sample
        alpha_line: transparency of line
        alpha_fill transparency of the filling
    Returns:
    """
    # setting
    title_fontsize = 20
    xlabel_fontsize = ylabel_fontsize = 15
    plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))

    colors = ['r', 'g', 'purple', 'olive',  'gray', 'gold', 'teal', 'b',
              'crimson', 'orange', 'deepskyblue', 'orchid']
    assert len(means) == len(stds)
    assert len(colors) >= len(means)    # if not try to add color to 'colors'

    plt.style.use('seaborn')

    for i in range(len(means)):
        s = np.random.normal(means[i], stds[i], n_basesample)
        s_fit = np.linspace(s.min(), s.max())
        plt.plot(s_fit, st.norm(means[i], stds[i]).pdf(s_fit), lw=1, c=colors[i], alpha=alpha_line)
        plt.fill_between(x=s_fit, y1=0, y2=st.norm(means[i], stds[i]).pdf(s_fit), facecolor=colors[i], alpha=alpha_fill)

    plt.title('PDF or something else',fontsize=title_fontsize)
    plt.xlabel("xlabel", fontsize=xlabel_fontsize)
    plt.ylabel("ylabel", fontsize=ylabel_fontsize)
    plt.show()

if __name__=='__main__':
    means = [2, 4, 5]
    stds = [0.8, 1, 0.5]
    plot_gaussian_distribution(means, stds)

这里展示的是高斯分布图，函数只用输入均值，标准差的数组就可以绘制出图片。填色代码主要是这一句:

plt.fill_between(x=s_fit, y1=0, y2=st.norm(means[i], stds[i]).pdf(s_fit), facecolor=colors[i], alpha=alpha_fill)

值得注意的，这里填色和曲线颜色的深浅由alpha这一项控制，值越大颜色越深。

颜色可以参考下图: