three.js以JSON格式保存和加载对象(vue中使用three.js50)

1.demo效果

如上图，该demo支持以下功能：

1. 可以调整参数创建不同的环面扭结。
2. 可以点击saveToJSON按钮将当前的网格对象以JSON格式保存的到页面缓存
3. 可以点击loadJSON将保存在页面缓存中JSON格式的网格对象加载到当前页面

2.实现要点

2.1 网格对象保存为JSON格式

这里我们首先创建了一个环面扭结的网格对象，然后将它转成JSON格式，之后保存在页面缓存，具体如下：

 // 创建环面扭结
 const geom = new THREE.TorusKnotGeometry(
   this.properties.radius.value,
   this.properties.tube.value,
   this.properties.radialSegments.value,
   this.properties.tubularSegments.value,
   this.properties.p.value,
   this.properties.q.value
 )
 // 创建材质
 const meshMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({
   vertexColors: THREE.VertexColors,
   wireframe: true,
   wireframeLinewidth: 2,
   color: 0xaaaaaa
 })

 // 添加组合材质
 this.mesh = new THREE.Mesh(geom, meshMaterial)
 // 网格对象转为json格式
 const json = this.mesh.toJSON()
 // 保存在localStorege缓存中
 localStorage.setItem('json', JSON.stringify(json))

2.2 加载JSON格式保存的网格对象

上面的步骤我们将一个网格对象转成JSON格式保存到页面缓存，这里我们需要获取到页面缓存中的内容，转成网格对象添加到场景

// 导入json格式的网格对象
loadJSON () {
  this.removeMesh()
  const json = localStorage.getItem('json')

  if (json) {
    const loadedGeometry = JSON.parse(json)
    const loader = new THREE.ObjectLoader()
    const loadedMesh = loader.parse(loadedGeometry)
    this.scene.add(loadedMesh)
  }
}

3.demo代码

<template>
  <div>
    <div id="container"></div>
    <div class="controls-box">
      <section>
        <el-row>
          <div v-for="(item,key) in properties" :key="key">
            <div v-if="item&&item.name!=undefined">
              <el-col :span="8">
                <span class="vertice-span">{{item.name}}</span>
              </el-col>
              <el-col :span="13">
                <el-slider v-model="item.value" :min="item.min" :max="item.max" :step="item.step" :format-tooltip="formatTooltip" @change="redraw"></el-slider>
              </el-col>
              <el-col :span="3">
                <span class="vertice-span">{{item.value}}</span>
              </el-col>
            </div>
          </div>
        </el-row>
        <el-row>
          <el-button @click="loadJSON">loadJSON</el-button>
        </el-row>
        <el-row>
          <el-button @click="saveToJSON">saveToJSON</el-button>
        </el-row>
      </section>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import * as THREE from 'three'
import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js'
export default {
  data () {
    return {
      properties: {
        radius: {
          name: 'radius',
          value: 18,
          min: 0,
          max: 60,
          step: 1
        },
        tube: {
          name: 'tube',
          value: 2,
          min: 0,
          max: 20,
          step: 0.1
        },
        radialSegments: {
          name: 'radialSegments',
          value: 230,
          min: 0,
          max: 400,
          step: 1
        },
        tubularSegments: {
          name: 'tubularSegments',
          value: 8,
          min: 0,
          max: 50,
          step: 1
        },
        p: {
          name: 'p',
          value: 4,
          min: 0,
          max: 20,
          step: 1
        },
        q: {
          name: 'q',
          value: 3,
          min: 0,
          max: 20,
          step: 1
        }
      },
      mesh: null,
      camera: null,
      scene: null,
      renderer: null,
      controls: null
    }
  },
  mounted () {
    this.init()
  },
  methods: {
    formatTooltip (val) {
      return val
    },
    // 初始化
    init () {
      this.createScene() // 创建场景
      this.createMesh() // 创建网格模型
      this.createLight() // 创建光源
      this.createCamera() // 创建相机
      this.createRender() // 创建渲染器
      this.createControls() // 创建控件对象
      this.render() // 渲染
    },
    // 创建场景
    createScene () {
      this.scene = new THREE.Scene()
    },
    // 创建网格模型
    createMesh () {
      // 创建环面扭结
      const geom = new THREE.TorusKnotGeometry(
        this.properties.radius.value,
        this.properties.tube.value,
        this.properties.radialSegments.value,
        this.properties.tubularSegments.value,
        this.properties.p.value,
        this.properties.q.value
      )
      // 创建材质
      const meshMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({
        vertexColors: THREE.VertexColors,
        wireframe: true,
        wireframeLinewidth: 2,
        color: 0xaaaaaa
      })

      // 添加组合材质
      this.mesh = new THREE.Mesh(geom, meshMaterial)

      // 网格对象添加到场景中
      this.scene.add(this.mesh)
    },
    // 网格对象保存为json格式
    saveToJSON () {
      const json = this.mesh.toJSON()
      localStorage.setItem('json', JSON.stringify(json))
    },
    // 导入json格式的网格对象
    loadJSON () {
      this.removeMesh()
      const json = localStorage.getItem('json')

      if (json) {
        const loadedGeometry = JSON.parse(json)
        const loader = new THREE.ObjectLoader()
        const loadedMesh = loader.parse(loadedGeometry)
        this.scene.add(loadedMesh)
      }
    },
    removeMesh () {
      const toRemove = []
      this.scene.traverse(e => {
        if (e instanceof THREE.Mesh) toRemove.push(e)
      })
      toRemove.forEach(e => {
        this.scene.remove(e)
      })
    },
    // 创建光源
    createLight () {
      // 环境光
      const ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.1) // 创建环境光
      this.scene.add(ambientLight) // 将环境光添加到场景

      const spotLight = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff) // 创建聚光灯
      spotLight.position.set(-40, 60, -10)
      spotLight.castShadow = true
      this.scene.add(spotLight)
    },
    // 创建相机
    createCamera () {
      const element = document.getElementById('container')
      const width = element.clientWidth // 窗口宽度
      const height = element.clientHeight // 窗口高度
      const k = width / height // 窗口宽高比
      // PerspectiveCamera( fov, aspect, near, far )
      this.camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(35, k, 0.1, 1000)
      this.camera.position.set(-80, 60, 40) // 设置相机位置

      this.camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(10, 0, 0)) // 设置相机方向
      this.scene.add(this.camera)
    },
    // 创建渲染器
    createRender () {
      const element = document.getElementById('container')
      this.renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true, alpha: true })
      this.renderer.setSize(element.clientWidth, element.clientHeight) // 设置渲染区域尺寸
      this.renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true // 显示阴影
      this.renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap
      this.renderer.setClearColor(0x3f3f3f, 1) // 设置背景颜色
      element.appendChild(this.renderer.domElement)
    },

    // 更新
    redraw () {
      this.removeMesh()
      this.createMesh()
    },
    render () {
      this.renderer.render(this.scene, this.camera)
      requestAnimationFrame(this.render)
    },
    // 创建控件对象
    createControls () {
      this.controls = new OrbitControls(this.camera, this.renderer.domElement)
    }
  }
}
</script>
<style>
#container {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}
.controls-box {
  position: absolute;
  right: 5px;
  top: 5px;
  width: 300px;
  padding: 10px;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #c3c3c3;
}
.vertice-span {
  line-height: 38px;
  padding: 0 2px 0 10px;
}
</style>