多态的案例——C++

多态的优点：
1、代码组织结构清晰
2、可读性强
3、利于前期和后期的扩展和维护

代码实现：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
/*多态的优点：
1、代码组织结构清晰
2、可读性强
3、利于前期和后期的扩展和维护
*/

//分别利于普通和多态来实现计算器

//普通写法
class Calculator
{
public:
	int result(string oper)
	{
		if (oper == "+")
			return m_num1 + m_num2;
		if(oper=="-")
			return m_num1 - m_num2;
		if(oper=="*")
			return m_num1 * m_num2;
		//如果想扩展新功能，需要修改源码
		//在真实的开发中， 提倡 开闭原则————对扩展进行开放，对修改进行关闭。
	}
	int m_num1;
	int m_num2;
};

//利用多态实现计算器

//实现计算器的抽象类
class AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	virtual int getResult()
	{
		return 0;
	}
	int m_num1;
	int m_num2;
};

//加法计算器类（多态）
class AddCalculator :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_num1 + m_num2;
	}
};

//减法计算器类
class SubCalculator : public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_num1 - m_num2;
	}
};

//乘法计算器类
class MultiCalculator : public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_num1 * m_num2;
	}
};




void test01()
{
	Calculator c;
	c.m_num1 = 20;
	c.m_num2 = 10;
	
	cout << c.m_num1 << "+" << c.m_num2 << "=" << c.result("+") << endl;
	cout << c.m_num1 << "-" << c.m_num2 << "=" << c.result("-") << endl;
	cout << c.m_num1 << "*" << c.m_num2 << "=" << c.result("*") << endl;
}


void test02()
{
	//多态使用条件：父类的指针或者对象指向子类对象
	AbstractCalculator *cal = new AddCalculator; //创建在堆区，需要释放
	cal->m_num1 = 20;
	cal->m_num2 = 10;
	cout << cal->m_num1 << "+" << cal->m_num2 << "=" << cal->getResult() << endl;

	//销毁堆区的数据，指针还在
	delete cal;

	//减法计算器
	cal = new SubCalculator;
	cal->m_num1 = 20;
	cal->m_num2 = 10;
	cout << cal->m_num1 << "-" << cal->m_num2 << "=" << cal->getResult() << endl;
	delete cal;

	cal = new MultiCalculator;
	cal->m_num1 = 20;
	cal->m_num2 = 10;
	cout << cal->m_num1 << "*" << cal->m_num2 << "=" << cal->getResult() << endl;
	//delete cal;

}


int main()
{
	//test01();
	test02();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}