GUI编程

Ciian

于 2024-09-05 23:04:41 发布

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java awt swing GUI

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/rc4gyyc/article/details/132652241

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1、GUI(graphic user interface)

核心技术：Swing、AWT
1. 因为界面不美观。
2. 需要jre环境！
为什么我们要学习？
1.可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
2.工作时候，也可能需要维护到swig界面，概率极小！
3.了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2、 AWT(abstract windows tools)

1.包含了很多类和接口！GUI!
2.元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
组件和容器
alt+7可以查看类结构，

2.1、窗口

package com.ciian.gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //查看源码ctrl+鼠标左键,alt+7显示类结构
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形界面窗口");
        //设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //设置大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置初始弹出位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        //设置背景颜色
        frame.setBackground(Color.cyan);
        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);


    }
}

展示多个窗口

package com.ciian.gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame myframe1 = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.cyan);
        Frame myframe2 = new MyFrame(200,200,200,200,Color.yellow);
        Frame myframe3 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.gray);
        Frame myframe4 = new MyFrame(400,400,200,200,Color.black);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int count = 0;

    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h, Color color) {
        super("MyFrame"+ (++count));
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        this.setBackground(color);
    }
}

2.2、Panel面板（会自动创建一个流布局）

package com.ciian;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(68, 180, 32));
        //panel坐标，相对frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(168, 22, 22));
        //panel是Component
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //监听事件，关闭窗口 
        //适配器模式
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭X时执行
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        } );

    }
}

2.3、三种布局管理器

流式布局（FlowLayOut）

package com.ciian;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayOut{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        //设置为流式布局,按钮位置
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

东西南北中（BorderLayOut）

package com.ciian;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayOut {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

表格布局（GridLayOut）

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayOut{
	public static void main(String[]args) {
	    Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
	    Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
	    Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
	    Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
	    Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
	    Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
	    Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
	    frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));
	    frame.add(btn1);
	    frame.add(btn2);
	    frame.add(btn3);
	    frame.add(btn4);
	    frame.add(btn5);
	    frame.add(btn6);
	    frame.pack();//Java函数！自动布局
	    frame.setVisible(true);
	}
}

exercise

package com.ciian;

import java.awt.*;

public class ExTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(400, 300);
        frame.setLocation(300, 400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        //14个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
        //上面OK
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //下面
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //1中间4个
        for (int i=0;i<4;i++){
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
    }
}

总结

1.Frame是一个顶级窗口
2.Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中。
3.布局管理器
1.流式
2.东西南北中
3.表格
4.大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听!

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
 	//窗口点击关闭X时执行
    @Override
    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        //结束程序
        System.exit(0);
    }
} );

2.4、事件监听

package com.ciian.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        //因为，addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener,所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        windowsClose(frame);
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }

    private static void windowsClose(Frame frame) {
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

输入框事件监听

两个按钮用一个事件

package com.ciian.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮，实现同一个监所
        //开始       停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");
        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值！
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg=》" + e.getActionCommand());
        if(e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
            
        }
    }
}

输入框事件监听

package com.ciian.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    public MyFrame() {
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();
        //获得一些资源返回的一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");//null ""
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

2.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习！

组合+内部类

oop原则：组合，大于继承！
不会有很大的耦合性，优先使用组合
在这里插入图片描述
计算机面向对象法

package com.ciian.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    public Calculator() {
        //3个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1,获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        //3.清除前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

写成内部类

package com.ciian.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator2().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator2 extends Frame {
    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MycalculatorListener(this));
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class MycalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
    //获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类：
    Calculator2 calculator = null;

    public MycalculatorListener(Calculator2 calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        //2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
        //3。清除前两个框
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        calculator.num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

2.7、画笔

package com.ciian.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame {
    public void loadFrame() {
        setBounds(200, 200, 600, 500);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        //g.drawoval(100,100,100,100);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100, 100);//实心的园
        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
        //养成习损，画笔用完，将他还原到最初的颜色
    }
}

2.8、鼠标监听

package com.ciian.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}

//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    //画画需要画笔，需要监所鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList<Point> points;
    //画画需要画笔，需要监所鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 300);
        setVisible(true);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        //鼠标监所听器，正对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator<Point> iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Point point = iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }
    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPoint(Point point) {
        points.add(point);
    }
    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        //鼠标按下，弹起，按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            frame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
            //重新画图
            frame.repaint();
        }
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

2.9、窗口监听

package com.ciian.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {
                    //关闭窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                        WindowFrame frame = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                        frame.setTitle("被激活了");
                    }
                    //激活窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口，通过按钮，隐藏当前窗口
                        System.exit(0);//正常退出
                    }
                }
        );
    }
}

2.10、键盘监听

package com.ciian.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame {
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(1, 2, 300, 400);
        setVisible(true);
        addKeyListener(
                new KeyAdapter() {
                    //键盘按下
                    @Override
                    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                        //获得键盘下的键是哪一个，当前的码
                        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                        System.out.println(keyCode);
                        if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                            System.out.println("上");
                        }
                    }
                }
        );
    }
}

2.Swing

3.1、窗口、面板

package com.ciian.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init()初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
        jFrame.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
//      需要设置在容器中才能生效
        jFrame.setBackground(Color.cyan);
        //设置文字Jlabel
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("呵呵");
        jFrame.add(jLabel);
//        让文本居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //容器实例化
        Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.cyan);
        //关闭事件
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

3.2、弹窗

JDialog,用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件
绝对布局：用setBounds设置位置

package com.ciian.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame放东西，容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);
//      按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("弹出一个对话框");
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
        button.addActionListener(
                new ActionListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                        //弹窗
                        new MyDialogDemo();
                    }
                }
        );
        contentPane.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(null);
        Label label = new Label("学Java");
        contentPane.add(label);
    }
}

3.3、标签

label

new JLabel("xxx");

图标ICON

package com.ciian.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo() {
    }

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) throws HeadlessException {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init() {
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上！
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(label);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片ICON

package com.ciian.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImgIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImgIconDemo() {
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImgIcon");
        URL url = ImgIconDemo.class.getResource("pipip.png");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(label);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImgIconDemo();
    }
}

3.4、面板

JPanel

package com.ciian.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2 ,1));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        contentPane.add(jPanel1);
        contentPane.add(jPanel2);
        contentPane.add(jPanel3);
        contentPane.add(jPanel4);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

package com.ciian.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//      文本
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        jTextArea.setText("学Java");
//      Scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,300,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5、按钮

图片按钮

package com.ciian.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//      将一个图片变成图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("pipip.png");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
//      将这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton jButton = new JButton();
        jButton.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jButton.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

//      add
        contentPane.add(jButton);
        
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(300,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

单选按钮

package com.ciian.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//      将一个图片变成图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("pipip.png");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);

//      单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton1");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton2");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton3");
//      分组
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton1);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton2);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton3);

        contentPane.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(300,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

package com.ciian.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//      将一个图片变成图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("pipip.png");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);

//      复选框
        JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox1");
        JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox2");

        contentPane.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(300,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6、列表

下拉框

package com.ciian.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在热映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");
        contentPane.add(status);
//        status.addActionListener();

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo();
    }
}

列表框

package com.ciian.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

//        String[] contents={"1","2","3"};
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        contents.add("zhangsan");
        contents.add("lisi");
        contents.add("wangwu");

        contentPane.add(jList);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景
- 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
- 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容！

3.7、文本框

文本框

package com.ciian.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world", 20);
        container.add(textField, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500, 500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

package com.ciian.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02() {
        Container container = getContentPane();
//面板
        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');
        container.add(jPasswordField);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500, 500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域

package com.ciian.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//      文本
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        jTextArea.setText("学Java");
//      Scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,300,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

贪吃蛇

帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧60帧。连起来是动画，拆开就是静态的图片！

StartGame

package com.ciian.snake;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame();
        jFrame.setBounds(10,10,915,750);
        jFrame.setResizable(false);
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//      正常游戏界面都或该在面上！
        jFrame.add(new GamePanel());
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

Data

package com.ciian.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header =  new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/down.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/right.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/left.png");
    public static ImageIcon up =  new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down =  new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon right =  new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon left =  new ImageIcon(leftURL);

    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/body.png");
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon body =  new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static ImageIcon food =  new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}

GamePanel

package com.ciian.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
    //    定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的x坐标 25*34;
    int[] snakeY = new int[500];//蛇的y坐标 25*24;
    String fx;

    int score;

    //    食物的坐标
    int foodX;
    int foodY;
    Random random = new Random();
    //  游戏当前的状态：开始、停止
    boolean isStart = false;
    //游戏失败
    boolean isFall = false;

    //定时器以ms为单位1000ms=1s
    Timer timer = new Timer(100, this);//100毫秒执行一次！

    //  构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        this.setFocusable(true);
        this.addKeyListener(this);
        timer.start();
    }

    //  初始化方法
    public void init() {
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;
        snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;
        snakeY[1] = 100;//身体1的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;
        snakeY[2] = 100;//身体2的坐标
        fx = "R";//初始方向向右
        //把食物随机分布在界面上！
        foodX = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
        foodY = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
        score = 0;
    }

    //    绘制面板，我们游戏中的所有东西，都是用这个画管来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
//      绘制静态面板
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this, g, 25, 11);//头部广告栏
        g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600);//默认游戏界面
        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 18));
        g.drawString("长度:" + length, 750, 35);
        g.drawString("分数:" + score, 750, 50);

//      画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this, g, foodX, foodY);

//      把小蛇画上去
        if (fx.equals("R")) {
            Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右
        } else if (fx.equals("L")) {
            Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        } else if (fx.equals("U")) {
            Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        } else if (fx.equals("D")) {
            Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        }

        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i], snakeY[i]);//身体1的坐标
        }
        if (isStart == false) {
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏", 300, 300);
        }
        if (isFall) {
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
            g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始游戏", 300, 300);
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {
            if (isFall) {
                //重新开始
                isFall = false;
                init();
            } else {
                isStart = !isStart;
            }
            this.repaint();
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
            fx = "U";
        } else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
            fx = "D";
        } else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
            fx = "L";
        } else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
            fx = "R";
        }
    }

    //事件监听---需要通过固定事件米刷新，1s16次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (isStart && isFall == false) {

            //吃食物
            if (snakeX[0] == foodX && snakeY[0] == foodY) {
                //长度+1
                length++;
                score+=10;
                //再次随机食物
                foodX = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
                foodY = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
            }

            for (int i = length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i - 1];
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i - 1];
            }
            //走向
            if (fx.equals("R")) {
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
                if (snakeX[0] > 850) snakeX[0] = 25;//边界判断
            } else if (fx.equals("L")) {
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
                if (snakeX[0] < 25) snakeX[0] = 850;//边界判断
            } else if (fx.equals("U")) {
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
                if (snakeY[0] < 75) snakeY[0] = 650;//边界判断
            } else if (fx.equals("D")) {
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
                if (snakeY[0] > 650) snakeY[0] = 75;//边界判断
            }

            //失败判断，撞到自己游戏失败
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]) {
                    isFall = true;
                }
            }

            this.repaint();//重画
        }
        timer.start();//定时器开启
    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
}

总结

GUI
- AWT
  - 组件
  - 容器
  - 面板
  - 事件监听
  - 文本框监听
  - 画图类paint(g)
  - 鼠标监听
  - 键盘监听
  - 窗口监听
- Swing
  - 容器
  - 面板
    - 额可以带滚动条
  - label
    - 普通标签
    - 图片标签
    - 图像标签
  - 按钮
    - 普通按钮
    - 带图片按钮
    - 单选框
    - 复选框
  - 列表
    - 下拉框
    - 列表框
  - 文本框
    - 普通文本
    - 密码框
    - 文本域
- 贪吃蛇