5. 18 Objective-C 常用数据类型（NSValue   NSNumber   NSString ）的方法

2.熟悉NSDate类型，能够达到：使用NSDate计算，1970年以后的任意两天之间相隔多少天。(计算1970年以后任意2个时间的秒数差，小时差，天数差)

//定义1970年后的两个日期 date1, date2

        NSDate *date1 = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:21036800];

        NSDate *date2 = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:20000000];

        NSLog(@"%@", date1);

        NSLog(@"%@", date2);

        //秒数差

        NSTimeInterval intervalSec = [date1 timeIntervalSinceDate:date2];

        NSLog(@"%.2f seconds", intervalSec);

        //小时差

        NSTimeInterval intervalHour = intervalSec / 3600;

        NSLog(@"%.2f hours", intervalHour);

        //天数差

        NSTimeInterval intervalDay = intervalHour / 24;

        NSLog(@"%.2f days", intervalDay);

课堂代码

//

//  main.m

//  OC-LS3

//

//  Created by rectinajh on 5/18/15.

//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    @autoreleasepool {

        NSInteger c;

        CGFloat a;

        NSTimeInterval time;

        //OC基本数据类型将已知C语言类型通过typedef方式定义。

        //所有定义类型，都会指定明确的使用环境。

        //所有数据类型必须按照系统方法指定的类型设定。

        //(例如：CGFloat和 NSTimeInterval都是double型，CGFloat用于绘图，界面，而NSTimeInterval用于时间描述)。

        CGPoint;//描述图像位置

        CGSize; //描述图像大小

        //假设2个时间段分别是3.2s， 2.6s，求他们的平方差

        NSTimeInterval time1 = 3.2;

        NSTimeInterval time2 = 2.6;

        NSTimeInterval result = time1 * time1 - time2 * time2;

        NSLog(@"%f", result);

/**

         *  NSValue   NSNumber   NSString

         */

        NSString;

        NSValue;//描述[值]，数据的原始形态

        CGPoint point = {1, 1};

        NSValue *value = [NSValue valueWithPoint:point];

        NSNumber;//解决很多基本类型不方便解决的问题

        //例如：四舍五入

        CGFloat x = 1.334500;

        NSNumber *number = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:x];

        NSInteger y = [number integerValue];//把NSNumber转化为NSInteger

        BOOL isOn = [number boolValue];//[真].只要!=0, !=NULL即为真

        NSLog(@"%@", number);

        //把a3获取，并给a4(不用C语言)

        unichar a3 = 10;

        NSNumber *aNumber = [NSNumber numberWithChar:a3];

        NSInteger a4 = [aNumber integerValue];

        NSLog(@"%ld", (long)a4);

        //不需要考虑：数据溢出，精度损失等问题，系统方法自动会处理

        NSNumber *num1 = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:2.49];

        //不能把对象相加。NSNumber不会用来运算。

         //NSNumber用于[转化]

        //简单转化

        //实用转化

        //科学计数法，金额表示法，拼写/拼写发音

        //拼写数字，并输出[发音]

        NSNumberFormatter *format = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];

        [format setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterSpellOutStyle];

        NSString *string = [format stringFromNumber:number];

        NSLog(@"%@", string);

        //科学计数法

        NSNumberFormatter *format2 = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];

        [format2 setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterScientificStyle];

        NSString *string1 = [format2 stringFromNumber:number];

        NSLog(@"%@", string1);

        //金额

        NSNumberFormatter *format3 = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];

        [format3 setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterCurrencyStyle];

        NSString *string2 = [format3 stringFromNumber:number];

        NSLog(@"%@", string2);

        NSString *numberString = @"1.23E8";

        //存入number

        NSNumberFormatter *newNum = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];

        number = [newNum numberFromString:numberString];

        NSLog(@"%@", number);

        //转为GCFloat 取出来

        CGFloat fNumber = [number doubleValue];

        NSLog(@"%f",fNumber);

        //******************************************************

        // NSString

 //       "abc"; 字符串

 //       @"abc"; 字符串对象(语句，特征)

        NSString *string3 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%d",23];//格式化的字符串，在内存区

        NSString *string4 = @"abcdef";//常量区字符串

        NSInteger value3 = 12345;

         //2个字符串拼接

        NSString *newString = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@%ld", string4, (long)value3 ];

        //便利构造

        NSString *newString1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%ld", string4, (long)value3];

        NSLog(@"%@", newString);

        NSLog(@"%@", newString1);

       //字符串的四大操作: 拼接，截取，查找，替换

        //*拼接：初始化 initWithFormat:     stringByAppending

        //*截取：类  sub

        NSString *string5 = @"abcde";

        NSString *string6 = [string5 substringFromIndex:2];  //创建子字符串

        NSLog(@"%@", string6);

        NSString *string7 = [string5 substringToIndex:4];

        NSLog(@"%@", string7);

        //截取cd

        NSString *string8 = [[string5 substringFromIndex:2] substringToIndex:2];

        NSLog(@"%@", string8);

        //

//        NSRange range = {2,2}

        NSString *string9 = [string5 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(2, 2)];

        NSLog(@"%@",string9);

        //*查找

        NSRange range1 = [string5 rangeOfString:@"cdf"];

        if (range1.length > 0) {

            NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromRange(range1));

        }

        if (range1.location != NSNotFound) {

            NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromRange(range1));

        }

        //*替换

        //将cd换成CD

        NSString *string10 = [string5 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"cd" withString:@"CD"];

        NSString *string11 = [string5 stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(2, 2) withString:@"CD"];

        NSLog(@"%@", string10);

        NSLog(@"%@", string11);

        //删除cd

        NSString *string12 = [string5 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"cd"withString:@""];

        NSLog(@"%@", string12);

        /**

         *  NSMutableString  可变字符串

         */

        NSMutableString *myString = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"ABcdE"];

        NSMutableString *myString1 = [NSMutableString string];

        [myString appendFormat:@"KK"];  //拼接

        NSLog(@"%@", myString);

        NSRange range3 = [myString rangeOfString:@"cd"];  //查找

        NSLog(@"{%lu %lu}",(unsigned long)range3.location, (unsigned long)range3.length);

        [myString deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(1, 1)]; //删除

        NSLog(@"%@", myString);

        [myString replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(1, 1) withString:@"cd"]; //替换

        NSLog(@"%@", myString);

        [myString setString:@"HOO"];

        NSLog(@"%@", myString);

    }

    return 0;

}

5. 18 Objective-C 常用数据类型（NSValue NSNumber NSString ）的方法

5. 18 Objective-C 常用数据类型（NSValue   NSNumber   NSString ）的方法