状态机高阶讲解-02

261
00:11:22,483 --> 00:11:25,260
或依赖于这个，在这里表达

262
00:11:26,780 --> 00:11:30,000
Moore是说什么，在这里表达

263
00:11:30,280 --> 00:11:30,523

264
00:11:30,523 --> 00:11:33,443
在状态里表达，状态的什么

265
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入口

266
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出口，这个地方表达

267
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这边有

268
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输出

269
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效果

270
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在这里

271
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在状态里面表达

272
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当然这两个你也可以把它

273
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互相换

274
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无非是把这个东西换一个地方

275
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对不对

276
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简单的基本上都能够换过来

277
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这是

278
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发展的历史

279
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那后来的

280
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下一步就是

281
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这个

282
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David

283
00:12:20,646 --> 00:12:21,720
Harel

284
00:12:21,720 --> 00:12:25,168

285
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这个教授，写的这个文章

286
00:12:25,567 --> 00:12:31,490
状态图，Statechart这个文章

287
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实际上就是把前面的

288
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人

289
00:12:40,750 --> 00:12:42,350
提供的各种元素

290
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包括刚才Moore

291
00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:45,495
Mealy

292
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这些

293
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都包含进来

294
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把它都放进来

295
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而且呢

296
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把状态机分了层

297
00:12:55,960 --> 00:12:56,292

298
00:12:56,292 --> 00:12:57,952
提供了分层

299
00:12:57,952 --> 00:12:59,280
还有分区

300
00:12:59,900 --> 00:13:00,205

301
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分成正交的若干个区

302
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然后呢，分层

303
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实际上就是区和区之间

304
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就相当于可以and嘛

305
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对吧

306
00:13:09,592 --> 00:13:11,090
这边可以

307
00:13:12,940 --> 00:13:14,437
可以同时并存的

308
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而这边只能是或

309
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对吧

310
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一个状态内

311
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这个只能是或

312
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同时还有入口出口活动

313
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这个也放进来了

314
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那这个就是目前我们UML

315
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或者SysML

316
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所使用的这个状态机的

317
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雏形

318
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就是在这个

319
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基础上

320
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来制定了现在UML、SysML的规范

321
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那UML的状态机的元模型是这样的

322
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这2.5.1的

323
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2.5.1这个状态机的元模型

324
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你看，状态机分了几个区

325
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这是区嘛

326
00:14:14,350 --> 00:14:15,504
分区嘛，对吧

327
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然后里面有状态

328
00:14:17,352 --> 00:14:19,200
然后这个迁移，对吧

329
00:14:21,490 --> 00:14:23,410
状态，迁移

330
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类似这样的

331
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相当于把它给形式化

332
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因为Harel这个

333
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文章里面，他只提供了图形

334
00:14:37,640 --> 00:14:41,100
他并没有提供形式化的表示法

335
00:14:42,640 --> 00:14:44,850
也没有提供元模型

336
00:14:45,970 --> 00:14:48,350
UML提供元模型

337
00:14:51,900 --> 00:14:53,610
那现在也有一些

338
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文本的

339
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用文本来表达模型的

340
00:15:04,650 --> 00:15:04,890

341
00:15:04,890 --> 00:15:06,576
一些标准

342
00:15:06,576 --> 00:15:10,190
比如说，一会会讲W3C这个

343
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SCXML，Statechart XML 

344
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状态图XML，等等

345
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那么在UML

346
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这个标准里面

347
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它分为两种

348
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一个叫行为状态机

349
00:15:35,530 --> 00:15:37,450
一个叫协议状态机

350
00:15:37,450 --> 00:15:37,930
那实际上

351
00:15:38,760 --> 00:15:41,280
我们平时说的状态机就是指的

352
00:15:41,280 --> 00:15:42,720
行为状态机，行为是什么

353
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就是

354
00:15:43,360 --> 00:15:45,190
刚才讲这个输出嘛

355
00:15:47,510 --> 00:15:47,785

356
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或者效果

357
00:15:50,010 --> 00:15:51,870
那协议状态机是什么

358
00:15:51,870 --> 00:15:52,490
就是把

359
00:15:52,770 --> 00:15:55,719
那个行为部分砍掉，没有输出

360
00:15:55,719 --> 00:15:57,307
输出就是action

361
00:15:57,307 --> 00:15:57,761
对吧

362
00:15:57,761 --> 00:16:00,030
就是刚才讲的那个action

363
00:16:04,910 --> 00:16:06,808
action可能发生在哪里

364
00:16:06,808 --> 00:16:07,520
发生在

365
00:16:08,470 --> 00:16:11,690
这个地方，也可能发生在这个状态的入口

366
00:16:11,970 --> 00:16:14,075
进入，在状态里面发生

367
00:16:14,075 --> 00:16:16,648
也可能在迁移的时候发生

368
00:16:16,648 --> 00:16:16,882

369
00:16:16,882 --> 00:16:19,690
那现在这个协议状态机就把

370
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这个就砍掉了

371
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就保留协议

372
00:16:23,337 --> 00:16:24,470
就保留那个

373
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输入的部分

374
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就相当于定义了一些可以接受的输入

375
00:16:32,290 --> 00:16:33,820
但是的话我们

376
00:16:35,260 --> 00:16:36,160
这个

377
00:16:37,010 --> 00:16:38,400
协议状态机

378
00:16:39,320 --> 00:16:39,592

379
00:16:39,592 --> 00:16:43,130
我们在软件开发里面用得并不多

380
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我们说状态机指的就是行为状态机

381
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因为我们毕竟要

382
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把这个

383
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软件给运转起来嘛

384
00:16:52,830 --> 00:16:53,320
对吧

385
00:16:53,320 --> 00:16:53,565

386
00:16:53,565 --> 00:16:54,790
要有输出嘛

387
00:16:55,980 --> 00:16:58,206
所以呢，这个就不用管它了

388
00:16:58,206 --> 00:17:00,061
不用管它，UML标准

389
00:17:00,061 --> 00:17:02,473
你搜状态机，有两个状态机

390
00:17:02,473 --> 00:17:03,215
一个行为

391
00:17:03,215 --> 00:17:04,329
一个是协议

392
00:17:04,329 --> 00:17:06,370
这个协议就是行为的

393
00:17:06,740 --> 00:17:08,068
删减版

394
00:17:08,068 --> 00:17:09,840
你可以这样理解

395
00:17:10,560 --> 00:17:13,474
把输出部分给砍掉之后

396
00:17:13,474 --> 00:17:15,660
剩下的就是协议部分

397
00:17:17,810 --> 00:17:19,000
接下来呢

398
00:17:19,380 --> 00:17:21,860
我们首先来看

399
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学习状态机

400
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建模的这个技能的目的

401
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或者用途