Ubuntu 18.04 NVIDIA显卡驱动安装

在网上有很多安装的教程，但过程较为繁琐，今天找到一个简单快捷的安装方式，在此记录一下。

本章全文操作都是在命令行。

在开始前查看一下本机是否安装有显卡驱动

如果安装有驱动的话会显示你的显卡信息

root@vmadmin-desktop:~ nvidia-smi -L
modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'nvidia': No such device
NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.

 1.监测本机显卡信息

ubuntu-drivers devices 用于显示可用的硬件驱动列表及其相关信息。查看系统中支持的不同硬件的驱动以及它们的状态。它还可以提供一些建议，推荐安装哪个驱动版本

root@vmadmin-desktop:~ ubuntu-drivers devices

WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-515: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-525: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-515-server: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-525-server: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-510: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-530: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-390: package has invalid Support Legacyheader, cannot determine support level
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:03:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001C03sv00001043sd000085ABbc03sc00i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
model    : GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB]
manual_install: True
driver   : nvidia-driver-515 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-450-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-525 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-515-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-525-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-470-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-510 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-418-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-530 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-390 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-470 - distro non-free recommended     #注意这一行的信息  
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

看到推荐nvidia-driver-470驱动

2.安装驱动

apt -y install nvidia-driver-470

3.重启服务器

安装完成后我比较喜欢使用  echo $? 来确定上一步执行是否有问题

使用reboot或者init 6 来重启服务器

4.查看显卡状态

安装成功

root@vmadmin-desktop:~ nvidia-smi
Fri Jan 12 13:51:23 2024       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 470.182.03   Driver Version: 470.182.03   CUDA Version: 11.4     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                               |                      |               MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce ...  Off  | 00000000:03:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
| 36%   27C    P8     5W / 120W |     99MiB /  6070MiB |      0%      Default |
|                               |                      |                  N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                  |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                   Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A      1610      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                 39MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      1694      G   /usr/bin/gnome-shell               56MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+