关于ubuntu1804无法识别显卡驱动的一种处理办法

本人电脑型号为2021款的联想拯救者R9000P，装了windows11和ubuntu18.04的双系统，平时主要使用windows11，ubuntu多处于闲置状态，前段时间电脑的双系统是ubuntu20.04，由于遇到了无法识别显卡驱动的问题，虽然没有对我所需要的正常功能产生影响，但是发现外接显示器显示无信号，设置中的图形无法认到我的显卡NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060 Laptop，且在网上没有找到可靠的处理办法，故选择了系统重装，换成了ubuntu18.04，没多长时间发现显卡驱动再次掉了，重新研究之后发现网上有解决办法，但是情况不一定完全适配，故对一些自认为有效的方法进行整合。

问题展现

终端输入

nvidia-smi

提示

NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.

终端输入

ubuntu-drivers devices

提示

WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-525: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-530: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-525-server: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-510: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-515: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
WARNING:root:_pkg_get_support nvidia-driver-515-server: package has invalid Support PBheader, cannot determine support level
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.1/0000:01:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00002560sv000017AAsd00003A80bc03sc00i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
manual_install: True
driver   : nvidia-driver-470 - distro non-free recommended
driver   : nvidia-driver-525 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-470-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-530 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-525-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-510 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-515 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-515-server - distro non-free
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:04:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v00008086d00002723sv00008086sd00000080bc02sc80i00
vendor   : Intel Corporation
manual_install: True
driver   : backport-iwlwifi-dkms - distro free

解决办法

终端提示推荐下载nvidia-driver-470，原先存在的510，515等等出现了不支持的原因，尝试重新下载驱动

终端输入

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-470

根据提示输入密码，选择y/n，出现如下界面

意思大概是要你关闭secure boot，然后在Enroll MOK配置一下就ok，后面设置一下密码重启即可

重启之后出现如下界面

这里我直接选择Enroll MOK，因为听说选择Continue boot会出现失败的情况，

1. Enroll MOK
2. 进入Enroll MOK ,选择continue
3. 进入Enroll the key，选择yes
4. 输入先前配置的密码
5. reboot

开机发现副屏正常使用，显卡驱动正常，图形显示NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060 Laptop GPU/PCIe/SSE2

终端输入

nvidia-smi

提示

Sat Jul 20 18:52:24 2024       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 470.182.03   Driver Version: 470.182.03   CUDA Version: 11.4     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                               |                      |               MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce ...  Off  | 00000000:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
| N/A   39C    P8    11W /  N/A |    297MiB /  5921MiB |      2%      Default |
|                               |                      |                  N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                  |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                   Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A      1022      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                190MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      1841      G   /usr/bin/gnome-shell               36MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      4501      G   ...RendererForSitePerProcess       50MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      4952      G   ...tionEnabled,Vulkan,WebOTP       16MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

问题分析（猜测）

装双系统时，关闭了secure boot，由于win11某款游戏的反作弊要求打开secure boot，打开后发现再次进入ubuntu导致认不到显卡驱动