索引和切片（上）

• 普通索引
• 花式索引

import numpy as np

# 一维数组的创建
arr=np.arange(1,10)  # array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])

arr[0]  # 1

arr[3:5]  # array([4, 5])

arr[::-1]  # array([9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1])


arr[-4:-2] # array([6,7])

arr[5]=12
arr  # array([ 1,  2,  3,  4,  5, 12,  7,  8,  9])

arr_change=arr
arr_change[1:3]=[17,19]
arr_change  # array([ 1, 17, 19,  4,  5, 12,  7,  8,  9])
arr  # array([ 1, 17, 19,  4,  5, 12,  7,  8,  9])  # arr_change是传的视图(相当于引用),它改变的,源数据也会跟着改变

arr_change=arr.copy()
arr_change[1:3]=[4,9]  # array([ 1,  4,  9,  4,  5, 12,  7,  8,  9])
arr  # array([ 1, 17, 19,  4,  5, 12,  7,  8,  9])

# 二维数组的创建
data2=[[8.5,6,4.1,2,0.7],[1.5,3,5.4,7,3.9],[3.2,4.5,6,3,9]]
arr2=np.array(data2)
arr2[2]  # [3.2, 4.5, 6, 3, 9]
arr2[2,1]  # 4.5

arr2[:,2:4]  
# array([[4.1, 2. ],
         [5.4, 7. ],
         [6. , 3. ]])

arr2[1:,2:]  
# array([[5.4, 7. , 3.9],
       [6. , 3. , 9. ]])

arr2[arr2>3.5]  #  array([8.5, 6. , 4.1, 5.4, 7. , 3.9, 4.5, 6. , 9. ])

arr2[~(arr2>=3.5)]  #  array([2. , 0.7, 1.5, 3. , 3.2, 3. ])

(arr2>3.5)&(arr2<10)
array([[ True,  True,  True, False, False],
       [False, False,  True,  True,  True],
       [False,  True,  True, False,  True]])

arr2[(arr2>3.5)&(arr2<10)]  #  array([8.5, 6. , 4.1, 5.4, 7. , 3.9, 4.5, 6. , 9. ])