设计模式---职责分离

传统的controller + server + dao
A B C三个模块看上去是分离的，实际上8个模块之间存在相互依赖的关系，并不是一个高内聚而是一个低内聚的形式。

DIP（依赖反转）模式

设计一 低级组件和高级组件都作为具体类放在同一个包里面

public class StringProcessor { //具体类
    
    private final StringReader stringReader; //具体类
    
    private final StringWriter stringWriter; //具体类
    
    //通过构造函数来注入依赖组件
    
    public StringProcessor(StringReader stringReader, StringWriter stringWriter) {
        
        this.stringReader = stringReader;
        
        this.stringWriter = stringWriter;
        
    }
    
    public void readAndWrite() {
        
        stringWriter.write(stringReader.getValue());
        
    }
    
    //测试用例
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        StringReader sr = new StringReader();
        
        sr.read("1111111");
        
        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        
        StringProcessor sp = new StringProcessor(sr,sw);
        
        sp.readAndWrite();
        
    }
    
}

设计二 低级组件具体类与高级组件接口实现类放在同一程序包
面向接口设计编程

public interface StringProcessor {
    
    void readAndWrite(StringReader stringReader, StringWriter stringWriter);
    
}

public class StringProcessorImpl implements StringProcessor {
    
    //通过接口传参来注入依赖组件
    
    @Override
    
    public void readAndWrite(StringReader stringReader, StringWriter stringWriter) {
        
        stringWriter.write(stringReader.getValue());
        
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args){
        
        StringReader sr = new StringReader();
        
        sr.read("222222");
        
        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        
        StringProcessor sp = new StringProcessorImpl();
        
        sp.readAndWrite(sr,sw);
        
    }
    
}

设计三： 低级组件接口类与高级组件接口实现类放在同一程序包中
将StringReader 和StringWriete 进行抽象

public interface StringReader {
    
    void read(String path);
    
    String getValue();
    
}

public interface StringWriter {
    
    void write(String value);
    
}

原先的类型变为接口(抽线了出来）

public class StringProcessorImpl implements StringProcessor {
    
    //StringReader 是接口
    
    //StringWriter 是接口
    
    @Override
    
    public void readAndWrite(StringReader stringReader, StringWriter stringWriter) {
        
        stringWriter.write(stringReader.getValue());
        
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        StringReader sr = new StringReaderImpl();
        
        sr.read("333333");
        
        StringWriter sw = new StringWriterImpl();
        
        StringProcessor sp = new StringProcessorImpl();
        
        sp.readAndWrite(sr,sw);
        
    }
    
}

设计四 低级组件接口与高级组件接口类放在不同包中
sprin 框架注入

public class SPTest {
    
    @Resource
    
    private StringProcessor sp;
    
    @Resource
    
    private StringReader sr;
    
    @Resource
    
    private StringWriter sw;
    
    public void main(String[] args) {
        
        sr.read("444444");
        
        sp.readAndWrite(sr,sw);
        
    }
    
}

分层

架构设计视角下的关注点分离更重视组件之间的分离，并通过一定的通信策略来保证架构内各个组件间的相互引用。