[NeetCode 150] Pacific Atlantic Water Flow

Pacific Atlantic Water Flow

You are given a rectangular island heights where heights[r][c] represents the height above sea level of the cell at coordinate (r, c).

The islands borders the Pacific Ocean from the top and left sides, and borders the Atlantic Ocean from the bottom and right sides.

Water can flow in four directions (up, down, left, or right) from a cell to a neighboring cell with height equal or lower. Water can also flow into the ocean from cells adjacent to the ocean.

Find all cells where water can flow from that cell to both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Return it as a 2D list where each element is a list [r, c] representing the row and column of the cell. You may return the answer in any order.

Example 1:

Input: heights = [
  [4,2,7,3,4],
  [7,4,6,4,7],
  [6,3,5,3,6]
]

Output: [[0,2],[0,4],[1,0],[1,1],[1,2],[1,3],[1,4],[2,0]]

Example 2:

Input: heights = [[1],[1]]

Output: [[0,0],[0,1]]

Constraints:

1 <= heights.length, heights[r].length <= 100
0 <= heights[r][c] <= 1000

Solution

We can simulate the water flow reversely. Starting from the border, climb to cell with height equal or higher and mark the cells we have passed. Do this DFS twice, once from Pacific and the other once from Atlantic. The cells marked by both DFSs is the cells we want to find.

Code

class Solution:
    def pacificAtlantic(self, heights: List[List[int]]) -> List[List