狂神说-GUI编程学习

• 组件
  • 窗口
  • 弹窗
  • 面板
  • 文本框
  • 列表框
  • 按钮
  • 图片
  • 监听时间
  • 鼠标
  • 键盘事件
  • 外挂
  • 破解工具

1、简介

• GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT
  • 因为界面不美观
  • 需要jre环境

2、AWT

2.1、AWT介绍

• 包含了很多类和接口。GUI图片用户界面
• 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

（1）Frame

package com.zhang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame：JDK     看源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");

        //需要设置可见性   w   h
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);

        //设置背景颜色    Color
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(15, 119, 145));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);

    }
}

• 问题：无法关闭，停止程序进程才可以关闭窗口
• 尝试回顾封装

package com.zhang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TeseFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口 new
        new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.red);
        new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.white);
        new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.black);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;  //可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color){
        super("MyFrame:" + (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x, y, w, h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

（2）Panel

解决了关闭的实现问题

package com.zhang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(156, 50, 43));

        //panel设置坐标，相当于frame
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(0xE1EC24));

        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件     System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//                super.windowClosing(e);
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

（3）布局管理器

• 流式布局

package com.zhang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流式布局
//        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());    //默认居中
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

        frame.setSize(200, 200);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

• 东西南北中

package com.zhang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.setVisible(true);


    }
}

• 表格布局

package com.zhang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();   //java函数
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

• 练习
  

package com.zhang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class ExerciseDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总 frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        frame.setLocation(300, 400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));

        //4.四个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));

        //上面部分
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面部分
        p1.add(new Button("East-2"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-2"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间四个
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
            p4.add(new Button("for-" + i));
        }
        p3.add(p4, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
    }
}

总结：

• Frame 是一个顶级窗口
• Panel 无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中
• 布局管理器
  • 流式
  • 东西南北中
  • 表格
• 大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听

2.4、事件监听

• 事件监听：当某个事情发生时，干什么？

package com.zhang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActinEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();

        //因为：addActionListener()需要一个 ActionListener，所以我们需要构造一个 ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();   //设置frame的最佳大小

        windowClose(frame); //关闭窗口
        frame.setVisible(true);


    }

    //关闭窗体的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

}

//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

• 多个按钮，共享一个事件

package com.zhang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActinEvent2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 两个按钮，实现同一个监听
        // 开始   停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        //可以显示地定义触发会返回的命令，否则返回默认的值
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg=>" + e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

2.5、输入框 TextField 监听

设置替换代码
清空

package com.zhang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动！
        new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        //省略了 this.
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter 就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();  //获得一些资源，返回的是一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());    //获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");  //null  ""
    }
}

2.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

oop原则：组合，大于继承！

class A extends B{

}

class A{
	public B b;
}

• 目前代码

package com.zhang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //3个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(10); //字符数

        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1, num2, num3));

        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1, num2, num3;

    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3){
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        //2.将这个值 + 法运算后，放到第三个框
        num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));

        //3.清除前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

• 完全改造为面向对象写法

package com.zhang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){

        //3个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        num3 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }

}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另一个类
    Calculator calculator = null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());

        //2.将这个值 + 法运算后，放到第三个框
        calculator.num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));

        //3.清除前两个框
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");

    }
}

• 内部类：更好的包装

package com.zhang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){

        //3个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        num3 = new TextField(10); //字符数
        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }

    //监听器类
    //内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部类的属性和方法
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获得加数和被加数
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

            //2.将这个值 + 法运算后，放到第三个框
            num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));

            //3.清除前两个框
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");

        }
    }

}

2.7、画笔

package com.zhang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame{

    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200, 200, 600, 500);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
//        super.paint(g);
        //画笔：需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        g.drawOval(100,100, 100, 100);
        g.fillOval(100,100, 100, 100);  //实心的圆

        g.setColor(Color.green);
        g.fillRect(150, 200, 200, 200);

        //养成习惯：画笔用完，将它还原到最初的颜色
    }
}

2.8、鼠标监听

目的：想要实现鼠标画画

package com.zhang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}

//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 300);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();

        setVisible(true);
        //鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();  //iterator迭代器
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.blue);
            g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
        }
    }

    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }

    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        //鼠标    按下，弹起，按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //这个我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！画
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
            //每次点击鼠标都需要重画一遍
            frame.repaint();    //刷新    30帧     60帧
        }
    }
}

2.9、窗口监听

package com.zhang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
//        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {
                    //关闭窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("windowClosing");
                        System.exit(0);
                    }
                    //激活窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                        WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                        source.setTitle("被激活了");
                        System.out.println("windowActivated");
                    }

                }
        );
    }
}

2.10、键盘监听

package com.zhang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

//键
public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(1, 2, 300, 400);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘按下的键是哪一个，当前的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();   //不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下不同操作，产生不同结果
            }
        });
    }
}

3、Swing

3.1、窗口、面板

package com.zhang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {

    //init()：初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        jf.setBackground(Color.cyan);

        //设置文字 Jlabel
        JLabel label = new JLabel("嘿嘿");

        jf.add(label);

        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }

}

• 标签居中

package com.zhang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe2().init();
    }
}

class MyJframe2 extends JFrame {
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(10, 10, 200, 200);
        this.setVisible(true);
        //设置文字 Jlabel
        JLabel label = new JLabel("嘿嘿");
        this.add(label);

        //让文本标签居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //获得一个容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
    }
}

3.2、弹窗

package com.zhang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {

    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        //this.setSize(700, 500);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 700, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西，容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");     //创建
        jButton.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);


        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗，这里就需要一个监听器去赋予按钮这个功能
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {    //监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new DialogDemo();
            }
        });

        container.add(jButton);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyDialogDemo();
    }
}

//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
//        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);

        container.add(new Label("阿巴阿巴阿巴"));
    }
}

3.3、标签

label

new JLabel("xxx");

• 图标ICON

package com.zhang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(){   //无参构造
    }

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void Init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().Init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

• 图片ICON

package com.zhang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        //获取同类下的资源
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("tx.png");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//命名不要冲突了
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }

}

3.4、面板

• JPanel

package com.zhang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {

    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));      //行 列   间距

        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));

        panel.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel.add(new JButton("1"));

        container.add(panel);

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }

}

• JScrollPanel 滚动条

package com.zhang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {

    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("阿巴阿巴阿巴");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

//        new JTextField();   //文本框，不能换行

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }

}

3.5、按钮

• 图片按钮

package com.zhang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo01(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();//初始化一个容器，用来在容器上添加一些控件
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("tx.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        //add
        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

• 单选按钮-radioButton

package com.zhang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo02(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();//初始化一个容器，用来在容器上添加一些控件
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("tx.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，所以需要分组，分组中的只能选一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton01);
        group.add(radioButton02);
        group.add(radioButton03);

        container.add(radioButton01, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton02, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton03, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

• 复选按钮-checkBox

package com.zhang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo03(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();//初始化一个容器，用来在容器上添加一些控件
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("tx.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");

        container.add(checkBox01, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox02, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6、列表

• 下拉框

package com.zhang.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public TestComboboxDemo01(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();

        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在热映");
        status.addItem("已下映");
        status.addItem("即将上映");

        container.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

• 列表框

package com.zhang.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public TestComboboxDemo02(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

       //生成列表的内容
        String[] contents = {"1", "2", "3"};
        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        container.add(jList);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

• 引用场景
  • 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
  • 列表用于展示信息，一般是动态扩容

3.7、文本框

• 文本框

package com.zhang.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world", 20);

        container.add(textField, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

• 密码框

package com.zhang.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//***
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

贪吃蛇

• 帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧 60帧。连起来是动画，拆开就是静态的图片
• 键盘监听
• 定时器 Timer

package com.zhang.snake;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();

        //正常游戏界面都应该在面上
        frame.add(new GamePanel());     //如果这行代码在下面几行之后，则无法实现键盘监听

        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setResizable(false);  //窗口大小不可变
        frame.setBounds(10, 10, 900, 720);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);




    }
}

package com.zhang.snake;

import com.zhang.lesson05.JPanelDemo;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的方法
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;     //蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];    //蛇的x坐标 25*25
    int[] snakeY = new int[500];    //蛇的Y坐标 25*25
    String fx;

    //食物的坐标
    int foodx;
    int foody;
    Random random = new Random();

    //游戏当前的状态：开始    停止
    boolean isStart = false;    //默认是不开始的
    boolean isFail = false;     //游戏失败状态

    //分数
    int score;

    //定时器   以ms为单位
    Timer timer = new Timer(100, this);     //100ms刷执行（刷新）一次，监听的是 this

    //构造器
    public GamePanel(){
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);    //获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);  //获得键盘监听事件
        timer.start();  //游戏一开始定时器就启动
    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;    //脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;    //第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;    //第二个身体的坐标
        fx = "R";       //初始方向向右

        //把食物随机分布在界面上
        foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
        foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);

        score = 0;
    }

    //绘制面板，游戏中的所有东西，都使用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);    //清屏
        //绘制静态的面板
        this.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        //画上头部广告栏
        Data.header.paintIcon(this, g, 25, 11);   //组件    画笔      位置
        g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600);   //默认的游戏界面

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 18)); //设置字体
        g.drawString("长度" + length, 750, 35);
        g.drawString("分数" + score, 750, 50);

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this, g, foodx, foody);

        //画上小蛇
        if(fx.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);    //蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
        }else if(fx.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        }else if(fx.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        }else if(fx.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
        }

        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i], snakeY[i]);
        }

        //游戏状态
        if (isStart == false){
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40)); //设置字体
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏", 300, 300);
        }

        if (isFail){
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40)); //设置字体
            g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始", 300, 300);
        }

    }

    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();   //获得键盘按键是哪一个
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){   //如果按下的是空格
            if(isFail){
                //重新开始
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }else{
                isStart = !isStart;         //取反
            }
            repaint();
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            fx = "U";
        }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx = "D";
        }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx = "L";
        }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx = "R";
        }

    }

    //事件监听---需要通过固定事件来刷新，1s = 10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart && !isFail){    //如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来！

            //吃食物
            if(snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){
                length++;   //长度 + 1
                score += 10;//分数 + 10
                //再次随机食物
                foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
                foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
            }

            //移动
            for (int i = length - 1; i > 0 ; i--) { //后一节移动到前一节的位置
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];    //向前移动一布
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];    //向前移动一布
            }

            //走向
            if(fx.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] += 25;
                if(snakeX[0] > 850){ snakeX[0] = 25; }  //边界判断
            }else if(fx.equals("L")){
                snakeX[0] -= 25;
                if(snakeX[0] < 25){ snakeX[0] = 850; }  //边界判断
            }else if(fx.equals("U")){
                snakeY[0] -= 25;
                if(snakeY[0] < 75){ snakeY[0] = 650; }  //边界判断
            }else if(fx.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0] += 25;
                if(snakeY[0] > 650){ snakeY[0] = 750; }  //边界判断
            }

            //失败判断：撞到自己就算失败
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if(snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]){
                    isFail = true;
                }
            }

            repaint();  //重画页面
        }
        timer.start();  //定时器开始
    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
    }
    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
    }


}

package com.zhang.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {

    //相对路径  tx.png
    //绝对路径  /   相当于当前的项目
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);



}

• 功能实现思路

1.定义数据
2.画上去
3.监听事件
    键盘
    事件