Thread、ThreadLocal 关系

1.  Thread 内存有 ThreadLocal 的 ThreadLocalMap 成员

    /* ThreadLocal values pertaining to this thread. This map is maintained
     * by the ThreadLocal class. */
    ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;

2.  ThreadLocal 定义了针对该  ThreadLocalMap 的操作函数，如 get set 

    /**
     * Returns the value in the current thread's copy of this
     * thread-local variable.  If the variable has no value for the
     * current thread, it is first initialized to the value returned
     * by an invocation of the {@link #initialValue} method.
     *
     * @return the current thread's value of this thread-local
     */
    public T get() {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null) {
            ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
            if (e != null) {
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                T result = (T)e.value;
                return result;
            }
        }
        return setInitialValue();
    }

    /**
     * Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
     * to the specified value.  Most subclasses will have no need to
     * override this method, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
     * method to set the values of thread-locals.
     *
     * @param value the value to be stored in the current thread's copy of
     *        this thread-local.
     */
    public void set(T value) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);
        else
            createMap(t, value);
    }

    /**
     * Get the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
     * InheritableThreadLocal.
     *
     * @param  t the current thread
     * @return the map
     */
    ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
        return t.threadLocals;
    }

梳理一下：get 调用 ==> 根据当前线程取得线程的  ThreadLocalMap ==> 以当前 ThreadLocal 实例为 key 取出 value

                  set 调用 ==>  根据当前线程取得线程的  ThreadLocalMap ==> 以当前 ThreadLocal 实例为 key 设置 value

因此，一个 ThreadLocal 也就能在一个线程里设置一个值

3.  用于 Session 管理的示例

     通常是弄一个类似工具类（比如 Context）的东西，线程使用其静态方法进行 get/set/remove

     ThreadLocal 实例并不需要定义到 Thread 中

     Context.getSession()  就能得到当前线程的 session 了

private static final ThreadLocal threadSession = new ThreadLocal();

public static Session getSession() throws InfrastructureException {
    Session s = (Session) threadSession.get();
    try {
        if (s == null) {
            s = getSessionFactory().openSession();
            threadSession.set(s);
        }
    } catch (HibernateException ex) {
        throw new InfrastructureException(ex);
    }
    return s;
}