Linux操作系统基础命令使⽤-学习记录

文章目录

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#Linux基础准则 *重要

1. 在linux中⼀切皆是⽂件

2. 在linux中进⾏命令操作时，需要严格区分⼤⼩写

3. 在linux中进⾏命令操作时，可以使⽤tab键补全。

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提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容

[tom@centos7 ~]$ uname -a #查看当前操作系统的Linux内核版本

      Linux centos7 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[tom@centos7 ~]$ cat /proc/version#查看当前操作系统的Linux内核版本

     Linux version 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 (builder@kbuilder.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017

[tom@centos7 ~]$ lsb_release -a #查看Linux系统发⾏版本

     LSB Version: :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch:cxx-4.1-amd64:cxx-4.1-noarch:desktop 4.1-amd64:desktop-4.1-noarch:languages-4.1-amd64:languages-4.1-noarch:printing-4.1 amd64:printing-4.1-noarch Distributor ID: CentOS Description: CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

Release: 7.4.1708

Codename: Core

[tom@centos7 ~]$ date #显示⽇期与时间

     Thu Jan 15 16:50:42 CST 2026

[tom@centos7 ~]$ hostname #显示主机名

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centos7

[tom@centos7 ~]$ uptime #命令⽤于查看系统的负载情况

16:50:51 up 2 days, 21:09, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

[tom@centos7 ~]$ free -m #显示当前系统中内存的使⽤量情况

[tom@centos7 ~]$ who #命令⽤于查看当前登⼊主机的⽤户情况

tom :0  2026-01-12  19:42  (:0)

[tom@centos7 ~]$ last #命令⽤于查看所有系统的登⼊记录

tom  pts/0  9  192.168.8.1  Thu Jan 15 16:49  still logged in

[tom@centos7 ~]$ history #命令⽤于显示历史执⾏过的命令

928 uname -a

929 cat /proc/version

930 lsb_release -a

931 date

932 hostname

933 uptime

934 free -m

935 who

936 last

937 history

[tom@centos7 ~]$ echo "huawei-cloud" #命令⽤于在终端显示字符串或变量，格式为：echo [字符串 | 变量]

huawei-cloud

[tom@centos7 ~]$ ip add show #命令查看⽹络状态

1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1

       link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

      inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

2: ens33: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

               link/ether 00:0c:29:d5:8a:d0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

               inet 192.168.8.151/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33

[tom@centos7 ~]$ ifconfig #命令查看⽹络状态

ens33: flags=4163 mtu 1500

         inet 192.168.8.151 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.8.255

[tom@centos7 ~]$ su #切换到root⽤户

Password: (输⼊root密码)

[root@centos7 tom]# exit #返回当前⽤户

exit

[tom@centos7 ~]$