Join and Fetch

关于Join请参考
[url]http://silentjesse.iteye.com/admin/blogs/852058[/url]


Fetch:

在我们查询Parent对象的时候，默认只有Parent的内容，并不包含childs的信息，如果在Parent.hbm.xml里设置lazy="false"的话才同时取出关联的所有childs内容.
问题是我既想要hibernate默认的性能又想要临时的灵活性该怎么办？ 这就是fetch的功能。我们可以把fetch与lazy="true"的关系类比为事务当中的编程式事务与声明式事务,不太准确，但是大概是这个意思。
总值，fetch就是在代码这一层给你一个主动抓取得机会.

Parent parent = (Parent)hibernateTemplate.execute(new HibernateCallback() {
public Object doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException, SQLException {
Query q = session.createQuery(
"from Parent as parent "+
" left outer join fetch parent.childs " +
" where parent.id = :id"
);
q.setParameter("id",new Long(15));
return (Parent)q.uniqueResult();
}
});
Assert.assertTrue(parent.getChilds().size() > 0);

你可以在lazy="true"的情况下把fetch去掉，就会报异常. 当然，如果lazy="false"就不需要fetch了





HQL一些特色方法：

in and between may be used as follows:

from DomesticCat cat where cat.name between 'A' and 'B'
from DomesticCat cat where cat.name in ( 'Foo', 'Bar', 'Baz' )
and the negated forms may be written

from DomesticCat cat where cat.name not between 'A' and 'B'
from DomesticCat cat where cat.name not in ( 'Foo', 'Bar', 'Baz' )
Likewise, is null and is not null may be used to test for null values.

Booleans may be easily used in expressions by declaring HQL query substitutions in Hibernate configuration:

<property name="hibernate.query.substitutions">true 1, false 0</property>
This will replace the keywords true and false with the literals 1 and 0 in the translated SQL from this HQL:

from Cat cat where cat.alive = true
You may test the size of a collection with the special property size, or the special size() function.

from Cat cat where cat.kittens.size > 0
from Cat cat where size(cat.kittens) > 0
For indexed collections, you may refer to the minimum and maximum indices using minindex and maxindex functions. Similarly, you may refer to the minimum and maximum elements of a collection of basic type using the minelement and maxelement functions.

from Calendar cal where maxelement(cal.holidays) > current_date
from Order order where maxindex(order.items) > 100
from Order order where minelement(order.items) > 10000
The SQL functions any, some, all, exists, in are supported when passed the element or index set of a collection (elements and indices functions) or the result of a subquery (see below).

select mother from Cat as mother, Cat as kit
where kit in elements(foo.kittens)
select p from NameList list, Person p
where p.name = some elements(list.names)
from Cat cat where exists elements(cat.kittens)
from Player p where 3 > all elements(p.scores)
from Show show where 'fizard' in indices(show.acts)
Note that these constructs - size, elements, indices, minindex, maxindex, minelement, maxelement - may only be used in the where clause in Hibernate3.

Elements of indexed collections (arrays, lists, maps) may be referred to by index (in a where clause only):

from Order order where order.items[0].id = 1234
select person from Person person, Calendar calendar
where calendar.holidays['national day'] = person.birthDay
and person.nationality.calendar = calendar
select item from Item item, Order order
where order.items[ order.deliveredItemIndices[0] ] = item and order.id = 11
select item from Item item, Order order
where order.items[ maxindex(order.items) ] = item and order.id = 11
The expression inside [] may even be an arithmetic expression.

select item from Item item, Order order
where order.items[ size(order.items) - 1 ] = item
HQL also provides the built-in index() function, for elements of a one-to-many association or collection of values.

select item, index(item) from Order order
join order.items item
where index(item) < 5
Scalar SQL functions supported by the underlying database may be used

from DomesticCat cat where upper(cat.name) like 'FRI%'