cmake - 02 - subprojects

参考链接🔗：

GCC全过程详解+剖析生成的.o文件

CMAKE 里PRIVATE、PUBLIC、INTERFACE属性示例详解

cmake：target_** 中的 PUBLIC，PRIVATE，INTERFACE

1. 指令说明
target_include_directories()：指定目标包含的头文件路径。官方文档

target_link_libraries()：指定目标链接的库。官方文档

target_compile_options()：指定目标的编译选项。官方文档

目标 由 add_library() 或 add_executable() 生成。

这三个指令类似，这里以 target_include_directories() 为例进行讲解。





target_include_directories(<Target>
	PUBLIC <dirs>…
	PRIVATE <dirs>…
	INTERFACE <dirs>…
)

那么这三种添加头文件夹的方式有什么区别呢？

假如有一个库lib，还有一个应用exe，其中exe依赖lib

lib使用：
• PUBLIC，两个项目都会添加include
• PRIVATE，只有lib会添加include
• INTERFACE，只有exe会添加include

 

 

 

结构： 

code：

从上往下：

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)

project(subprojects)

add_subdirectory(sublibrary1)
add_subdirectory(sublibrary2)
add_subdirectory(subbinary)

主目录  subbinary - CMakeLists.txt

project(subbinary)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)

# create the executable
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp)

# link static library from subproject1 using alias sub1::lib1
# link the header only library from subproject2 using it's alias sub::lib2

target_link_libraries(
        ${PROJECT_NAME}
        sub::lib1
        sub::lib2
)

main.cpp

#include "../sublibrary1/include/sublib1/sublib1.h"
#include "../sublibrary2/include/sublib2/sublib2.h"


/*
  * sublibrary1 - A static library
  * sublibrary2 - A header only library
  * subbinary - An executable

 */

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    sublib1 hi;
    hi.print();

    sublib2 howdy;
    howdy.print();

    return 0;
}

--------

子目录1 sublibrary1 - CMakeLists.txt

project(sublibrary1)

add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} src/sublib1.cpp)
add_library(sub::lib1 ALIAS ${PROJECT_NAME})

target_include_directories(
        ${PROJECT_NAME}
        PUBLIC
        ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/sublibrary1/include
)

sublib1.h

#ifndef CMAKER_LEARNING_SUBLIB1_H
#define CMAKER_LEARNING_SUBLIB1_H

class sublib1
{
public:
    void print();
};


#endif //CMAKER_LEARNING_SUBLIB1_H

sublib1.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "../include/sublib1/sublib1.h"

void sublib1::print() {
    std::cout << "Hello sub-library 1!" << std::endl;
}

----

子目录2  sublibrary2 - CMakeLists.txt

project(sublibrary2)

add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} INTERFACE)
add_library(sub::lib2 ALIAS ${PROJECT_NAME})

target_include_directories(
        ${PROJECT_NAME}
        INTERFACE
        ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/sublibrary2/include
)

sublib2.h, 直接头文件

#ifndef CMAKER_LEARNING_SUBLIB2_H
#define CMAKER_LEARNING_SUBLIB2_H
#include <iostream>

class sublib2
{
public:
    void print()
    {
        std::cout << "Hello header only sub-library 2!" << std::endl;
    }
};


#endif //CMAKER_LEARNING_SUBLIB2_H

运行：

(base) ➜  cmaker_learning cd build 
(base) ➜  build ls
(base) ➜  build cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is AppleClang 12.0.0.12000032
-- The CXX compiler identification is AppleClang 12.0.0.12000032
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /Users/xxx/CLionProjects/cmaker_learning/build
(base) ➜  build make
[ 25%] Building CXX object sublibrary1/CMakeFiles/sublibrary1.dir/src/sublib1.cpp.o
[ 50%] Linking CXX static library libsublibrary1.a
[ 50%] Built target sublibrary1
[ 75%] Building CXX object subbinary/CMakeFiles/subbinary.dir/main.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable subbinary
[100%] Built target subbinary
(base) ➜  build cd subbinary 
(base) ➜  subbinary ls
CMakeFiles          Makefile            cmake_install.cmake subbinary
(base) ➜  subbinary ./subbinary 
Hello sub-library 1!
Hello header only sub-library 2!