一、继承Thread类创建线程类
(1)定义Thread类的子类,并重写该类的run方法,该run方法的方法体就代表了线程要完成的任务。因此把run()方法称为执行体。
(2)创建Thread子类的实例,即创建了线程对象。
(3)调用线程对象的start()方法来启动该线程。
public class ThreadClass {
static class SubThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("执行了一次run方式:name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SubThread subThread = new SubThread();
subThread.start();
System.out.println("主线程结束");
}
}
二、通过Runnable接口创建线程类
(1)定义runnable接口的实现类,并重写该接口的run()方法,该run()方法的方法体同样是该线程的线程执行体。
(2)创建 Runnable实现类的实例,并依此实例作为Thread的target来创建Thread对象,该Thread对象才是真正的线程对象。
(3)调用线程对象的start()方法来启动该线程。
public class RunnableClass {
static class RunnableSub implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("我是来自runnable的方法。name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new RunnableSub(), "threadname-1");
thread.start();
System.out.println("===主线程结束==");
}
}
三、通过Callable和Future创建线程
(1)创建Callable接口的实现类,并实现call()方法,该call()方法将作为线程执行体,并且有返回值。
(2)创建Callable实现类的实例,使用FutureTask类来包装Callable对象,该FutureTask对象封装了该Callable对象的call()方法的返回值。
(3)使用FutureTask对象作为Thread对象的target创建并启动新线程。
(4)调用FutureTask对象的get()方法来获得子线程执行结束后的返回值
public class CallableClass {
static class CallableSub implements Callable<Integer> {
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
Thread.sleep(3000l);
System.out.println("this is call from callable, name = " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
return 1;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
CallableSub client = new CallableSub();
FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask<>(client);
Thread thread = new Thread(futureTask, "threadName2");
thread.start();
Object o = futureTask.get();
System.out.println("result o = " + o);
}
}
四、线程池创建线程
public class ThreadFactoryClass {
/* POOL_NUM */
private static int POOL_NUM = 10;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
executorService.execute(() -> System.out.println("this is runnable call from "));
}
}