math.h 常用库函数
1.sqrt() 求平方根函数
x \sqrt x x
double sqrt(double x)//返回值为double类型,输出需要使用%lf
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
int a=12;
printf("sqrt(%d)=%.2lf",a,sqrt(a));//返回值为double类型,输出需要使用%lf
return 0;
}
sqrt(12)=3.46
2.pow()幂函数
x y x^y xy
double pow(double x,double y) //返回值为double类型,输出需要使用%lf
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double x=3,y=4;
printf("%.0lf^%.0lf=%.2lf",x,y,pow(x,y));
return 0;
}
3^4=81.00
3.fabs()绝对值函数
∣ x ∣ |x| ∣x∣
double fabs(double x)
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double x=3.14,y=-5.20;
printf("|%.2lf|=%.2lf\n",x,fabs(x));
printf("|%.2lf|=%.2lf\n",y,fabs(y));
return 0;
}
|3.14|=3.14
|-5.20|=5.20
4.exp ( )指数函数
e x e^x ex
double exp(double x)
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double x=0,y=3;
printf("e^%.2lf=%.2lf\n",x,exp(x));
printf("e^%.2lf=%.2lf\n",y,exp(y));
return 0;
}
e^0.00=1.00
e^3.00=20.09
5.log ()/log10 () 以e/10为底的对数函数
ln ( x ) , log 10 ( ) \ln(x) ,\log_{10}() ln(x),log10()
double log(double x)
double log10(double x)
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double x=1,y=100;
printf("ln(%.2lf)=%.2lf\n",x,log(x));
printf("log10(%.2lf)=%.2lf\n",y,log10(y));
return 0;
}
ln(1.00)=0.00
log10(100.00)=2.00
6.floor(x ) 返回不大于x的最大整数(向下取整)
double floor(double x)//返回值为double类型,需%.0lf取整数部分
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double x=5.20,y=-1.23;
printf("floor(%.2lf)=%.0lf\n",x,floor(x));
printf("floor(%.2lf)=%.0lf\n",y,floor(y));
return 0;
}
floor(5.20)=5
floor(-1.23)=-2
值得注意:整数取整数,负数为向下取整(不大于x的整数)
7.ceil( ) 返回不小于x的最小整数(向上取整)
double ceil(double x)//返回值为double类型,需%.0lf取整数部分
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double x=5.20,y=-1.23;
printf("ceil(%.2lf)=%.0lf\n",x,ceil(x));
printf("ceil(%.2lf)=%.0lf\n",y,ceil(y));
return 0;
}
ceil(5.20)=6
ceil(-1.23)=-1
向上取整
8.round( ) 返回四舍五入整数值
double round(double x)//返回值为double类型,需%.0lf取整数部分
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double x=5.20,y=-1.78;
printf("round(%.2lf)=%.0lf\n",x,round(x));
printf("round(%.2lf)=%.0lf\n",y,round(y));
return 0;
}
round(5.20)=5
round(-1.78)=-2