指针

基本知识

• 指针是一种特殊的变量，存放的是另一个变量的地址
• 指针的类型是其所指向的变量的类型
• 指针指向的是数组元素时，才进行算数运算或大小比较

联系

指针与数组

int a[6] = {0, 1, 2, 30, 40, 50};
int* p = &a[0]; //a 与 &a[0] 等效，a+i 与 &a[i] 等效
//数组名 a 是常量地址，指针 p 是变量
printf("%d %d\n", p[2], *(p + 2)); //2 2
//单目运算结合性自右至左
printf("%d\n", *p++); //0
printf("%d\n", *p); //1
printf("%d\n", *++p); //2
printf("%d\n", *p); //2
printf("%d\n", (*p)++); //2
printf("%d\n", *p); //3
printf("%d\n", ++(*p)); //4
printf("%d\n", *p); //4

指针与结构

typedef struct time{
    int year;
    int month;
    int day;
}data;
int main()
{
    data tomorrow = {2017, 9, 22}, today;
    data* oneDay;
    oneDay = &today;
    today.year = 2017;
    (*oneDay).month = 9;
    oneDay->day = 21; //三种方式等价
    printf("%04d %02d %02d", today.year, today.month, today.day); //2017 09 21
    return 0;
}