Python - 简单的数据类型

书名： Python编程： 从入门到实践
作者： [美] Eric Matthes
译者： 袁国忠
ISBN： 978-7-115-42802-8

简单的数据类型

字符串

用引号括起的就是字符串，单引号、双引号、三引号均可

修改字符串的大小写

message = 'keep goIng'
print(message.title())  # Keep Going
print(message.upper())  # KEEP GOING
print(message.lower())  # keep going
print(message)  # keep goIng

剔除空白

• 要确保字符串末尾没有空白， 可使用方法rstrip()（不会改变原字符串）
• 剔除字符串开头的空白，可使用方法lstrip()
• 剔除字符串两端的空白，使用strip()
• 这些剥除函数最常用于在存储用户输入前对其进行清理

小Tips

• 拼接字符串 print('hello' + 'world' + '!')
• 字符串里使用引号 print("I'm going to hiking.")
• 函数str()将非字符串值表示为字符串

数字

• 两个乘号表示乘方 5 ** 3 # 125
• 浮点数的运算可能不是那么精确 .2 + .1 # 0.30000000000000004

Python之禅

import this

The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters

Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Flat is better than nested.
Sparse is better than dense.
Readability counts.
Special cases aren’t special enough to break the rules.
Although practicality beats purity.
Errors should never pass silently.
Unless explicitly silenced.
In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
There should be one– and preferably only one –obvious way to do it.
Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you’re Dutch.
Now is better than never.
Although never is often better than right now.
If the implementation is hard to explain, it’s a bad idea.
If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
Namespaces are one honking great idea – let’s do more of those!