leetcode 367. Valid Perfect Square

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-perfect-square/

给定一个正整数num，判断它是不是一个完全平方数

 

一、问题分析

测试用例：

Input: 16
Output: true

Input: 14
Output: false

完全平方数为：0, 1, 4, 9, 16, ...   也就是平方根为整数的正整数

 

二、代码实现

class Solution {
    public boolean isPerfectSquare(int num) {
        //0、1都是完全平方数
        if (num == 0 || num == 1) {
            return true;
        }
        
        int left = 2, right = num;
        while (left < right) {
            int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
            
            //注意这里不能写成int square = mid * mid; 一些测试用例会溢出
            long square = (long)mid * mid;
            //System.out.println(square);
            
            if (square == num) {
                return true;
            } else if (square < num) {
                left = mid + 1;
            } else {
                right = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        
        // left == right 
        if (left * left == num) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

改用除法防止溢出：

class Solution {
    public boolean isPerfectSquare(int num){
        if (num < 0) {
            return false;
        }
        if (num == 0 || num == 1) {
            return true;
        }
        
        int left = 2, right = num;
        
        while (left <= right){
            int mid = left + (right - left)/2;
            //用除法可以避免溢出
            if (mid > num / mid){
                right = mid - 1;
            } else if (mid < num / mid){
                left = mid + 1;
            } else {
                return num % mid == 0;
            }
        }
        
        return false;
    }
   
}

 

其他值得参考的方法：

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-perfect-square/discuss/83902/Java-Three-Solutions-135..-SequenceBinary-SearchNewton

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-perfect-square/discuss/83874/A-square-number-is-1%2B3%2B5%2B7%2B...-JAVA-code

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-perfect-square/discuss/83907/3-4-short-lines-Integer-Newton-Most-Languages

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-perfect-square/discuss/83901/O(1)-Java-solution

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-perfect-square/discuss/83969/Binary-search-solution-in-Python

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-perfect-square/discuss/83872/O(1)-time-c%2B%2B-solution-inspired-by-Q_rsqrt