kotlin类与Java类对比

java类示例：

package com.xq.demo

public class Student {

    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setName("leo");
        student.setAge(18);
        System.out.println(student.toString());
        System.out.println("name:" + student.getName() +
                " age:" + student.getAge());
    }
}

kotlin类示例：

将Java类转为kotlin：

package com.xq.demo

class Student1 {

    var name: String? = null
    var age: Int = 0

    constructor() {}

    constructor(name: String, age: Int) {
        this.name = name
        this.age = age
    }

    override fun toString(): String {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\''.toString() +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}'.toString()
    }
}

internal object Test1 {
    @JvmStatic
    fun main(args: Array<String>) {
        val student = Student1()
        student.name = "leo"
        student.age = 18
        println(student.toString())
        println(
            "name: ${student.name}  age: ${student.age}"
        )
    }
}

将kotlin类继续简化：

package com.xq.demo

//constructor可省略
class Student2 constructor(var name: String, var age: Int) {
    override fun toString(): String {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\''.toString() +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}'.toString()
    }
}

internal object Test2 {
    @JvmStatic
    fun main(args: Array<String>) {
        val student = Student2("leo", 18)
        println(student.toString())
        student.name = "mark"
        student.age = 15
        println(student.toString())
        println(
            "name: ${student.name}  age: ${student.age}"
        )
    }
}

set、get方法

kotlin中set、get方法在变量定义时给出进行限定，也可省略设置默认：

package com.xq.demo

class Student3 {

    var name: String = ""
        get() = field.toUpperCase()   // 将变量赋值后转换为大写
        set

    var age: Int = 0
        get() = field                // 后端变量
        set(value) {
            if (value < 10) {       // 如果传入的值小于 10 返回该值
                field = value
            } else {
                field = -1         // 如果传入的值大于等于 10 返回 -1
            }
        }

    constructor() {}

    constructor(name: String, age: Int) {
        this.name = name
        this.age = age
    }

    override fun toString(): String {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\''.toString() +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}'.toString()
    }
}

internal object Test3 {
    @JvmStatic
    fun main(args: Array<String>) {
        val student = Student3()
        student.name = "leo"
        student.age = 18
        println(student.toString())
        println(
            "name: ${student.name}  age: ${student.age}"
        )
    }
}